Kayalı Gözde Akkuş, Durmaz Seyfi, Şahin İrem Nur, Akkul Betül, Durusoy Raika, Akarca Funda Karbek, Ulukaya Sezgin, Çiçek Candan
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jul 19;11(7):1258. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11071258.
The objective of this study was to explore the potential correlation between COVID-19 infection or vaccination and levels of anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) and anti-spike (anti-S) antibodies.
Among 6050 healthcare workers at the Ege University Hospital, a cohort study with 162 participants divided into three arms with 54 participants each was conducted. The three groups were selected as follows: those diagnosed with COVID-19 and not vaccinated (group 1), those diagnosed with COVID-19 and subsequently vaccinated with CoronaVac (group 2), and those not diagnosed with COVID-19 but vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac (group 3). Antibody levels measured at the sixth month of follow-up were defined as the primary outcome.
At the sixth month, all serum samples tested positive for anti-S. Anti-S levels were found to be significantly higher in group 2 than in the other groups ( < 0.001). There were no differences in antibody levels between groups 1 and 3 ( = 0.080). Average antibody levels were found to be lower in office workers and males. Anti-N antibodies were found to be positive in 85.1% of subjects at the sixth month. In group 2, anti-N antibodies were detected in all samples at the sixth month. Anti-N antibody levels were not significantly different between groups 1 and 2 ( = 0.165). Groups 1 and 2 had significantly higher antibody levels than group 3 ( < 0.001).
Vaccination or infection provide protection for at least 6 months. Those who have previously been diagnosed with COVID-19 do not need to be vaccinated in the early period before their antibody levels decrease.
本研究的目的是探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染或疫苗接种与抗核衣壳（抗N）和抗刺突（抗S）抗体水平之间的潜在相关性。
在伊兹密尔埃杰大学医院的6050名医护人员中，进行了一项队列研究，162名参与者分为三组，每组54人。三组的选择如下：确诊为COVID-19但未接种疫苗者（第1组），确诊为COVID-19并随后接种科兴疫苗者（第2组），未确诊为COVID-19但接种两剂科兴疫苗者（第3组）。将随访第六个月时测得的抗体水平定义为主要结局。
在第六个月时，所有检测的血清样本抗S均呈阳性。发现第2组的抗S水平显著高于其他组（<0.001）。第1组和第3组之间的抗体水平无差异（=0.080）。发现办公室工作人员和男性的平均抗体水平较低。在第六个月时，85.1%的受试者抗N抗体呈阳性。在第2组中，第六个月时所有样本均检测到抗N抗体。第1组和第2组之间的抗N抗体水平无显著差异（=0.165）。第1组和第2组的抗体水平显著高于第3组（<0.001）。
疫苗接种或感染可提供至少6个月的保护。先前确诊为COVID-19的人在抗体水平下降之前的早期不需要接种疫苗。
