按性别差异和年龄划分的免疫系统与新冠病毒疾病
Immune system and COVID-19 by sex differences and age.
作者信息
Ciarambino Tiziana, Para Ombretta, Giordano Mauro
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, Marcianise Hospital, ASL Caserta, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
出版信息
Womens Health (Lond). 2021 Jan-Dec;17:17455065211022262. doi: 10.1177/17455065211022262.
In COVID-19 disease, are reported gender differences in relation to severity and death. The aim of this review is to highlight gender differences in the immune response to COVID-19. The included studies were identified using PubMed, until 30 October 2020. The search included the following keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, gender, age, sex, and immune system. Literature described that females compared to males have greater inflammatory, antiviral, and humoral immune responses. In female, estrogen is a potential ally to alleviate SARS-COV-2 disease. In male, testosterone reduces vaccination response and depresses the cytokine response. In the older patients, and in particular, in female older patients, it has been reported a progressive functional decline in the immune systems. Differences by gender were reported in infection diseases, including SARS-CoV-2. These data should be confirmed by the other epidemiological studies.
在新冠肺炎疾病中，报告了与严重程度和死亡相关的性别差异。本综述的目的是强调对新冠肺炎免疫反应中的性别差异。纳入的研究通过PubMed进行识别，截至2020年10月30日。检索词包括以下关键词：严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2、新冠肺炎、性别、年龄、性别和免疫系统。文献表明，与男性相比，女性具有更强的炎症、抗病毒和体液免疫反应。在女性中，雌激素是缓解严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2疾病的潜在助力。在男性中，睾酮会降低疫苗接种反应并抑制细胞因子反应。在老年患者中，尤其是老年女性患者中，据报道免疫系统存在渐进性功能衰退。在包括严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2在内的感染性疾病中报告了性别差异。这些数据应由其他流行病学研究加以证实。
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