State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China.
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Av. Wai Long, Taipa, Macao 999078, China.
Viruses. 2023 Jun 27;15(7):1451. doi: 10.3390/v15071451.
Inflammasome activation is exclusively involved in sensing activation of innate immunity and inflammatory response during viral infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that the manipulation of inflammasome assembly or its interaction with viral proteins are critical factors in viral pathogenesis. Results from pilot clinical trials show encouraging results of NLRP3 inflammasome suppression in reducing mortality and morbidity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. In this article, we summarize the up-to-date understanding of inflammasomes, including NLRP3, AIM2, NLRP1, NLRP6, and NLRC4 in various viral infections, with particular focus on RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, HIV, IAV, and Zika virus and DNA viruses such as herpes simplex virus 1. We also discuss the current achievement of the mechanisms involved in viral infection-induced inflammatory response, host defense, and possible therapeutic solutions.
炎症小体的激活专门参与感知病毒感染期间固有免疫和炎症反应的激活。越来越多的证据表明，炎症小体组装的操纵或其与病毒蛋白的相互作用是病毒发病机制中的关键因素。初步临床试验结果表明，NLRP3 炎症小体抑制可降低 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的死亡率和发病率，结果令人鼓舞。在本文中，我们总结了对各种病毒感染中炎症小体（包括 NLRP3、AIM2、NLRP1、NLRP6 和 NLRC4）的最新认识，特别关注 SARS-CoV-2、HIV、IAV 和寨卡病毒等 RNA 病毒以及单纯疱疹病毒 1 等 DNA 病毒。我们还讨论了病毒感染诱导的炎症反应、宿主防御和可能的治疗解决方案中涉及的机制的当前成就。
