The impact of COVID-19 on hospitalization outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction in the USA.

BACKGROUND/STUDY OBJECTIVE: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic affected health care delivery, as it led to variable outcomes in different disease states including cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the impact of coexisting COVID-19 on Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).

DESIGN/SETTING: We analyzed discharge records of AMI patients from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) in the year 2020.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Using propensity score matching, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 infection on the in-hospital outcomes of patients presenting with AMI.

RESULTS

There were 1154 patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection and AMI who were matched with 109,990 patients with AMI and without COVID-19. We found that patients with COVID-19 who had AMI were less likely to have dyslipidemia (64.6 % vs. 70.4 %,  < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (2.4 % vs. 3.8 %  = 0.0017), smoking history (23.5 % vs. 28.2 %  < 0.0001) and hypertension (37.1 % vs. 40.1 %  = 0.004).COVID-19 was associated with higher hospital mortality rates (Adjusted odds ratio aOR: 2.72, CI: 2.23-3.30,  < 0.001), cardiac arrest (aOR: 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.26-2.15, p < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (aOR:1.36,95 % CI: 1.10-1.68,  = 0.004) and respiratory failure (aOR:1.81, 95 % CI: 1.55-2.11  < 0.001) compared to AMI patients without COVID-19. There was also a significant association between coexisting COVID-19 and longer duration of hospital stay (Adjusted mean differences:1.40, 95 % CI: 1.31-1.59  < 0.0001) in AMI patients.

CONCLUSION

COVID-19 infection is associated with worse in-hospital mortality and cardiorespiratory complications in patients with AMI.