Microbiology and Antimicrobial Agents Research Team, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco.
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et bioinformatique: Ecole des Hautes Etudes de Biotechnologie et de santé (EHEB); Casablanca, Morocco.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2023 Jul 27;17(7):891-904. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17739.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) has emerged as a significant cause of Gram-negative infections, particularly in patients with impaired host defenses. It is one of the six ESKAPE pathogens that majorly cause severe nosocomial infections. In addition to biofilm formation, PA possesses various virulence factors. It can be life-threatening due to his remarkable capacity to resist antibiotics, either intrinsically, developing adaptative resistance, or following the acquisition of resistance genes. The situation worsens when these mechanisms co-exist, conferring worrying multi-resistant phenotypes. Therapeutic options are becoming limited, which has led to the development of new antibiotics and novel alternative therapeutic strategies that require the exploration of other therapeutic avenues. Although mostly at the preclinical stages, many recent studies have reported several innovative therapeutic technologies that have demonstrated pronounced effectiveness in fighting against drug-resistant Pa strains. This literature review aims to discuss the mechanism of pyocyanic bacillus resistance to antibiotics, highlight the current state of some novel antibiotics and combination therapies, and the new alternative therapeutic approaches for treating PA infections.
铜绿假单胞菌（PA）已成为革兰氏阴性感染的重要原因，特别是在宿主防御功能受损的患者中。它是主要引起严重医院获得性感染的六大 ESKAPE 病原体之一。除了形成生物膜外，PA 还具有多种毒力因子。由于其具有显著的抗抗生素能力，无论是内在的、适应性的耐药性，还是获得耐药基因后，都可能导致生命威胁。当这些机制共存时，情况会变得更糟，从而导致令人担忧的多耐药表型。治疗选择变得越来越有限，这导致了新抗生素和新型替代治疗策略的开发，需要探索其他治疗途径。尽管大多数仍处于临床前阶段，但许多最近的研究报告了几种创新的治疗技术，这些技术在对抗耐药性 Pa 菌株方面表现出了显著的效果。本文综述旨在讨论铜绿假单胞菌对抗生素耐药的机制，强调一些新型抗生素和联合治疗的现状，以及治疗 PA 感染的新替代治疗方法。
