Petkov V D, Yonkov D, Mosharoff A, Kambourova T, Alova L, Petkov V V, Todorov I
Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg. 1986;12(1):3-16.
The effect of alcohol-aqueous extract (1:1) from Rhodiola rosea L. roots on the processes of learning and memory is studied on rats. Several methods of active avoidance with negative and positive reinforcements are used, as well as of passive avoidance. Using the maze-method with negative (punitive) reinforcement, it has been found that Rhodiola extract in a single dose of 0.10 ml per rat essentially improves learning and retention after 24 hours. Significant improvement of the long-term memory is also established in memory tests after 10-day treatment with the same dose of the extract. In the other two doses tested (0.02 and 1.0 ml per rat) the extract has no substantial effect on learning and memory. In a dose of 0.10 ml per rat the Rhodiola extract had a favourable effect on the training process using the "staircase" method with positive (food) reinforcement as well. With the other methods used (active avoidance method with negative reinforcement "shuttle-box" and passive avoidance methods "step down" and "step through") Rhodiola extract in the dose used (0.10 ml per rat) had no substantial effect on learning and memory (a certain deterioration of the training process was even observed using the "shuttle-box" method, while the "step-down" method resulted in deterioration of the memory). The great significance of the method used for studying the effects of the pharmacological agents on learning and memory for the results obtained is evident.
研究了红景天根的乙醇水提取物（1:1）对大鼠学习和记忆过程的影响。采用了几种带有正负强化的主动回避方法以及被动回避方法。使用带有负（惩罚性）强化的迷宫法发现，每只大鼠单次给予0.10 ml红景天提取物能显著改善24小时后的学习和记忆保持能力。在用相同剂量提取物进行10天治疗后的记忆测试中，也证实了长期记忆有显著改善。在测试的其他两个剂量（每只大鼠0.02和1.0 ml）下，提取物对学习和记忆没有实质性影响。每只大鼠给予0.10 ml剂量的红景天提取物对使用带有正（食物）强化的“阶梯”法的训练过程也有有利影响。对于所使用的其他方法（带有负强化的主动回避法“穿梭箱”以及被动回避法“逐步下降”和“穿梭通过”），所使用剂量（每只大鼠0.10 ml）的红景天提取物对学习和记忆没有实质性影响（使用“穿梭箱”法甚至观察到训练过程有一定恶化，而“逐步下降”法导致记忆恶化）。所使用的研究药物制剂对学习和记忆影响的方法对于所获得的结果具有重大意义，这一点是显而易见的。
