Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, 92019, New Zealand.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Food Innovation Portfolio, Food & Wellness Group, Private Bag, Palmerston North, 11600, New Zealand.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020 May 27;17(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00354-9.
Blackcurrants have come to be regarded as a superfood because of their high polyphenol content, namely anthocyanins. While many berry types have been studied, blackcurrant-anthocyanins may be the superior berry when it comes to athletic performance. The purpose of the review was to evaluate the effects of blackcurrant supplementation on athletic performance, oxidative markers, cognition, and side effects.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. Review manager software (version 5.3) was used for the meta-analysis. The risks of bias was independently assessed using the guidelines and criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The data sources for the search included MEDLINE (Ovid), Google Scholar databases, additional references lists, conference proceedings and grey literature until August 2019. Eligibility Criteria included all blackcurrant (New Zealand derived) interventions, randomised control trials, human participants, placebo-controlled only.
A total of 16 separate studies met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review, with 9 studies contributing to this sport performance meta-analysis. There was an improvement in sport performance when supplementing with blackcurrant, 0.45 (95% CI 0.09-0.81, p = 0.01). The effective dose appears to be between 105 and 210 mg of total blackcurrant anthocyanins, prior to exercise. There were insufficient studies reporting oxidative markers, cognitive effects or biomarkers, and/or side effects to comment on the mechanism of action.
Blackcurrant has a small, but significant, effect on sport performance, with no known detrimental side effects.
黑加仑因其高多酚含量，尤其是花色苷，而被视为超级食品。虽然许多浆果类型都已被研究过，但黑加仑花色苷在运动表现方面可能是更好的浆果。本综述的目的是评估黑加仑补充剂对运动表现、氧化标志物、认知和副作用的影响。
系统评价和荟萃分析。使用 Review Manager 软件（版本 5.3）进行荟萃分析。使用 Cochrane 干预系统评价手册中概述的指南和标准独立评估偏倚风险。搜索的数据来源包括 MEDLINE（Ovid）、Google Scholar 数据库、额外的参考文献列表、会议记录和灰色文献，直到 2019 年 8 月。纳入标准包括所有新西兰黑加仑（New Zealand derived）干预措施、随机对照试验、人类参与者、仅安慰剂对照。
共有 16 项单独的研究符合纳入系统评价的标准，其中 9 项研究为这项运动表现荟萃分析提供了数据。补充黑加仑可提高运动表现，效果为 0.45（95%CI 0.09-0.81，p=0.01）。在运动前补充 105 至 210 毫克总黑加仑花色苷似乎是有效的。报告氧化标志物、认知效果或生物标志物和/或副作用的研究不足，无法对作用机制进行评论。
黑加仑对运动表现有轻微但显著的影响，且没有已知的有害副作用。
