Centre for Emotional Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA.
J Pers. 2024 Aug;92(4):1024-1036. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12868. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
Perfectionism is linked to a variety of mental health conditions in university students. The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model posits that perfectionistic individuals exhibit off-putting interpersonal behaviors (i.e., rejection sensitivity and hostility), which lead to social disconnection, and in turn contribute to psychological distress. Although several longitudinal studies have found that social disconnection mediates the link between perfectionistic traits and psychological distress, less is known about how perfectionism leads to social disconnection. The present study aimed to address this gap.
A sample of 877 university students completed one survey a month for three consecutive months.
Our random-intercept cross-lagged panel model results showed significant positive associations between the random intercepts of socially prescribed and self-oriented perfectionism with rejection sensitivity, hostility, and loneliness, with stronger associations for socially prescribed perfectionism. In addition, the random intercept of other-oriented perfectionism showed positive associations with hostility but not rejection sensitivity or loneliness. Moreover, almost all cross-lagged paths were nonsignificant.
Collectively, these findings indicate that although perfectionistic traits may be associated with rejection sensitivity and hostility to varying degrees at the between-person level, these behaviors may not cause social disconnection at the within-person level.
完美主义与大学生的多种心理健康状况有关。完美主义社会脱节模型假设,完美主义者表现出令人反感的人际行为(即拒绝敏感和敌意),这导致社会脱节,进而导致心理困扰。尽管有几项纵向研究发现,社会脱节中介了完美主义特质与心理困扰之间的联系,但对于完美主义如何导致社会脱节知之甚少。本研究旨在解决这一差距。
一个由 877 名大学生组成的样本在连续三个月内每月完成一次调查。
我们的随机截距交叉滞后面板模型结果显示,社会规定性和自我导向完美主义的随机截距与拒绝敏感性、敌意和孤独感之间存在显著正相关,社会规定性完美主义的相关性更强。此外,他人导向完美主义的随机截距与敌意呈正相关,但与拒绝敏感性或孤独感无关。此外,几乎所有的交叉滞后路径都没有统计学意义。
总的来说,这些发现表明,尽管在个体间水平上,完美主义特质可能与不同程度的拒绝敏感性和敌意有关,但这些行为在个体内水平上可能不会导致社会脱节。