Damtie Shewaneh, Workineh Lemma, Berhan Ayenew, Tiruneh Tegenaw, Legese Biruk, Getie Birhanu, Kiros Teklehaimanot, Eyayu Tahir
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 11;9(7):e17729. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17729. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide public health problem. The burden of diabetes has been continuously increasing from day to day, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Globally, half of all cases of diabetes mellitus are undiagnosed. Diabetes mellitus can be easily handled if it is detected early. There is limited evidence on the magnitude of undiagnosed diabetics and prediabetes at the community level in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area.
To assess the magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, and associated factors among adults living in Debre Tabor town.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debre Tabor town from October to December 2021. A total of 407 participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A pretested structural questionnaire was used to collect demographic, behavioral, and clinical data. Anthropometric measurements were taken with standardized and calibrated equipment. A fasting venous blood sample was collected for blood glucose level determination. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors. A -value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and prediabetes was found to be 4.5% (95% CI: 2.9-7.4) and 14.5% (95% CI: 11.1-18.1), respectively. Older age (AOR: 6.50, 95% CI: 1.82-23.21), abnormal body mass index (AOR: 6.84, 95% CI: 1.91-24.54), systolic hypertension (AOR: 8.74, 95% CI: 2.53-30.19), and family history of diabetes mellitus (FHDM) (AOR: 12.45, 95% CI: 3.63-42.65) were significantly associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Using saturated oil (AOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.09-3.55), having a high waist circumference (AOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.20-3.87), and being hypertensive (AOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.04-4.96) were all significantly associated with Prediabetes.
Adults in Debre Tabor town have a high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes. A variety of modifiable risk factors were also identified. As a result, focusing the prevention strategy on such modifiable risk factors may help to minimize the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and prediabetes as well as future disease complications.
糖尿病是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。糖尿病的负担日益加重，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家。在全球范围内，一半的糖尿病病例未被诊断出来。如果能早期发现，糖尿病很容易得到控制。在埃塞俄比亚，尤其是在研究区域，关于社区层面未诊断出的糖尿病患者和糖尿病前期患者的数量的证据有限。
评估德布雷塔博尔镇成年居民中未诊断出的糖尿病、糖尿病前期及其相关因素的情况。
2021年10月至12月在德布雷塔博尔镇开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术共选取了407名参与者。使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集人口统计学、行为和临床数据。使用标准化和校准过的设备进行人体测量。采集空腹静脉血样本以测定血糖水平。采用逻辑回归来确定危险因素。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
未诊断出的糖尿病和糖尿病前期的比例分别为4.5%（95%置信区间：2.9 - 7.4）和14.5%（95%置信区间：11.1 - 18.1）。年龄较大（调整后比值比：6.50，95%置信区间：1.82 - 23.21）、体重指数异常（调整后比值比：6.84，95%置信区间：1.91 - 24.54）、收缩期高血压（调整后比值比：8.74，95%置信区间：2.53 - 30.19）以及糖尿病家族史（调整后比值比：12.45，95%置信区间：3.63 - 42.65）与未诊断出的糖尿病显著相关。使用饱和油（调整后比值比：1.97，95%置信区间：1.09 - 3.55）、腰围较高（调整后比值比：2.16，95%置信区间：1.20 - 3.87）以及患有高血压（调整后比值比：2.26，95%置信区间：1.04 - 4.96）均与糖尿病前期显著相关。
德布雷塔博尔镇的成年人中未诊断出的糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率较高。还确定了多种可改变的危险因素。因此，将预防策略聚焦于这些可改变的危险因素可能有助于降低未诊断出的糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率以及未来的疾病并发症。
