Pang Jingjuan, Li Minghui, Liu Zhaorui, Huang Yueqin, Hou Xiaofei, Yan Guoli, Xu Xiangdong, Wang Limin, Yan Yongping, Xiao Shuiyuan, Li Lingjiang, Yan Jie, Yu Yaqin, Xu Xiufeng, Wang Zhizhong, Xu Yifeng, Li Tao, Zhang Tingting, Yin Huifang, Xu Guangming
Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Liulin Road 13th, Tianjin, Hexi District, 300222, China.
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Huayuan North Road 51th, Beijing, Haidian District, 100191, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 15;25(1):2789. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23993-6.
Mental disorders among the elderly are a growing public health concern contributing significantly to disease burden, disability, and mortality. However, there is a lack of nationally representative studies examining the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among older adults in community settings. Considering 55 years old is the beginning of "young old", our study targets the population of adults aged 55 years old and above. Using data from the China Mental Health Survey (CMHS), we aim to estimate the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders and to investigate the correlates of mental disorders.
Data of study was derived from the CMHS, a nationally representative community-based epidemiological survey. CMHS employed Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), a structured diagnostic tool, to collect relevant data. A total of 12,667 adults aged 55 and above were included in this survey. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and design-corrected Rao-Scott χ test, along with logistic regression model were used to identify correlates of mental disorders.
A total of 10,840 participants (85.6%) completed the CIDI. The lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders among the Chinese elderly population were 19.16% and 10.62%, respectively. Anxiety disorders were the most prevalent mental disorders, with a lifetime prevalence and 12-month prevalence was 9.07% and 5.97%, respectively. The corresponding data for mood disorders were 8.19% and 4.36%, and for substance use disorders were 4.16% and 0.89%, respectively. Having ≥ 3 physical diseases (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.35-4.40), experiencing chronic pain (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.77-4.90), and having sleep disturbances (OR = 4.02, 95% CI: 3.14-5.13) were all significantly associated with higher odds of mental disorders. Conversely, individuals aged 70 years and older had significantly lower odds of mental disorders (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.62). All associations were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Mental disorders are highly prevalent among Chinese adults aged 55 years and above, with anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and substance use disorders being the most common. Chronic disease, chronic pain and sleep disturbances played an important role in the risk of mental disorders mental disorders.
老年人的精神障碍日益成为公共卫生问题，对疾病负担、残疾和死亡率有重大影响。然而，缺乏全国代表性研究来考察社区环境中老年人精神障碍的患病率及其相关因素。鉴于55岁是“年轻老年人”的起点，我们的研究针对55岁及以上的成年人。利用中国精神卫生调查（CMHS）的数据，我们旨在估计精神障碍的患病率和分布情况，并调查精神障碍的相关因素。
研究数据来源于CMHS，这是一项具有全国代表性的基于社区的流行病学调查。CMHS采用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）这一结构化诊断工具来收集相关数据。本次调查共纳入12667名55岁及以上的成年人。计算加权患病率估计值，并使用设计校正的Rao-Scott χ检验以及逻辑回归模型来确定精神障碍的相关因素。
共有10840名参与者（85.6%）完成了CIDI。中国老年人群中精神障碍的终生患病率和12个月患病率分别为19.16%和10.62%。焦虑障碍是最常见的精神障碍，终生患病率和12个月患病率分别为9.07%和5.97%。情绪障碍的相应数据分别为8.19%和4.36%，物质使用障碍的相应数据分别为4.16%和0.89%。患有≥3种躯体疾病（OR = 3.22，95%CI：2.35 - 4.40）、经历慢性疼痛（OR = 2.94，95%CI：1.77 - 4.90）以及有睡眠障碍（OR = 4.02，95%CI：3.14 - 5.13）均与精神障碍的较高患病几率显著相关。相反，70岁及以上的个体患精神障碍的几率显著较低（OR = 0.42，95%CI：0.29 - 0.62）。所有关联均具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。
精神障碍在中国55岁及以上成年人中高度流行，焦虑障碍、情绪障碍和物质使用障碍最为常见。慢性病、慢性疼痛和睡眠障碍在精神障碍风险中起重要作用。
