Borrelli Giovanni, Lamberti Zanardi Annachiara, Scognamiglio Claudia, Cinquegrana Vincenza, Perrella Raffaella
Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 17;15:1328835. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328835. eCollection 2024.
Childhood trauma can have negative effects on several domains of mental functioning, including Autobiographical Memory (AM). Conflicting results emerge in the scientific literature regarding the effects of childhood trauma on AM. In this review, we explored the relationship between the childhood trauma and AM, classifying childhood trauma as interpersonal, non-interpersonal and overall (interpersonal and non-interpersonal). We carried out a systematic literature review, following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA statement). From searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, we identified 48 studies conducted from 2014 to 2023, which were included when they: (a) were written in English, (b) investigated the relationship between AM and childhood trauma, (c) included a sample of children, adolescents, or adults who had experienced childhood interpersonal and/or non-interpersonal trauma. Of the 48 eligible studies, 29 referred to trauma of an interpersonal nature, 12 to trauma of a non-interpersonal nature, and 7 to overall trauma. Regarding the relationship between childhood trauma and AM, 24 studies found a negative relationship between childhood interpersonal trauma and AM; among the articles on non-interpersonal trauma, 10 studies found no relevant relationship; in the studies on overall trauma, 4 articles found negative relationship between overall trauma and AM. The literature explored in our systematic review supports the prevalence of a negative relationship between interpersonal childhood trauma and AM. This relationship is present regardless of psychiatric disorders (e.g., Depression, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Personality Disorders), and in the presence of the latter, AM results even more fragmented. Future research should use more accurate methodologies in identifying and classifying childhood trauma in order to more precisely determine its effect on AM.
童年创伤会对心理功能的多个领域产生负面影响，包括自传体记忆（AM）。关于童年创伤对自传体记忆的影响，科学文献中出现了相互矛盾的结果。在本综述中，我们探讨了童年创伤与自传体记忆之间的关系，将童年创伤分为人际创伤、非人际创伤和总体创伤（人际创伤和非人际创伤）。我们按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA声明）的指南进行了系统的文献综述。通过搜索PubMed、Scopus和科学网数据库，我们确定了2014年至2023年进行的48项研究，这些研究在满足以下条件时被纳入：（a）用英文撰写；（b）调查了自传体记忆与童年创伤之间的关系；（c）包括经历过童年人际和/或非人际创伤的儿童、青少年或成年人样本。在这48项符合条件的研究中，29项涉及人际性质的创伤，12项涉及非人际性质的创伤，7项涉及总体创伤。关于童年创伤与自传体记忆之间的关系，24项研究发现童年人际创伤与自传体记忆之间存在负相关；在关于非人际创伤的文章中，10项研究未发现相关关系；在关于总体创伤的研究中，4篇文章发现总体创伤与自传体记忆之间存在负相关。我们系统综述中探讨的文献支持童年人际创伤与自传体记忆之间普遍存在负相关。无论是否存在精神疾病（如抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和人格障碍），这种关系都存在，并且在存在后者的情况下，自传体记忆的结果更加碎片化。未来的研究应该使用更准确的方法来识别和分类童年创伤，以便更精确地确定其对自传体记忆的影响。
