Felemban Baher Khaled
Um Al-Qura University, P.O. Box: 24381, Makkah 2373, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Dent J. 2023 Jul;35(5):547-552. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.05.005. Epub 2023 May 12.
Gingival recession is a characteristic indicator of periodontitis and one of the factors that contributes to increased tooth clinical crown length. Patients with root exposure frequently undergo periodontal surgical procedures in addition to adjunctive therapy to increase root coverage area and soft tissue stability.
This study aimed to evaluate fibroblast-root surface adhesion and determine whether periodontitis-damaged root surface microstructure can be restored using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and an enamel matrix derivative (EMD), individually or in combination.
Teeth extracted from patients with periodontal disease were used to create 60 samples, with each group containing six specimens. The test groups were provided root planing or root condition-specific materials (hyaluronic acid [HA], 24% EDTA, EMD, or EDTA/EMD) for varying treatment time periods. In contrast, the control group did not undergo any surface modifications. The samples and fibroblast cells were incubated for 72 h. The number of living cells on the root surface in each group was calculated using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (cell viability assessment).
The control, root planing, and EMD groups showed that the root surfaces treated with EDTA for 4 min had significantly better cell adhesion. Surface EDTA treatment for 2 min significantly promoted cell attachment compared to root planing treatment. The root surfaces modified with EDTA/EMD for 2 and 4 min showed significantly improved cellular migration and adhesion compared to the root surface treated with root planing.
EDTA and EDTA/EMD substantially affected the root surface, which was related to the length of the treatment process. This effect shifts the surface properties, alters fibroblast interactions with the root surface, and recruits more cells to cover a larger area.
牙龈退缩是牙周炎的一个特征性指标，也是导致牙齿临床冠长度增加的因素之一。除辅助治疗外，牙根暴露的患者还经常接受牙周外科手术，以增加牙根覆盖面积和软组织稳定性。
本研究旨在评估成纤维细胞与牙根表面的黏附情况，并确定单独或联合使用乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）和釉基质衍生物（EMD）是否能够恢复牙周炎损伤的牙根表面微观结构。
使用从牙周病患者拔除的牙齿制作60个样本，每组包含6个标本。试验组接受根面平整或针对牙根状况的特定材料（透明质酸[HA]、24% EDTA、EMD或EDTA/EMD）处理不同的时间段。相比之下，对照组未进行任何表面改性。将样本与成纤维细胞孵育72小时。使用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法（细胞活力评估）计算每组牙根表面的活细胞数量。
对照组、根面平整组和EMD组显示，用EDTA处理4分钟的牙根表面细胞黏附明显更好。与根面平整处理相比，表面用EDTA处理2分钟显著促进了细胞附着。与根面平整处理的牙根表面相比，用EDTA/EMD处理2分钟和4分钟的牙根表面细胞迁移和黏附显著改善。
EDTA和EDTA/EMD对牙根表面有显著影响，这与处理过程的时长有关。这种影响改变了表面特性，改变了成纤维细胞与牙根表面的相互作用，并募集更多细胞覆盖更大面积。
