Assis Davison M S, Medeiros-Sarmento Priscila S, Tavares-Martins Ana C C, Godoy Bruno S
Environmental Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
Vale Technological Institute/Sustainable Development, Belém, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 20;9(8):e18392. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18392. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Climate changes have become undisputed, as have their consequences for global ecosystems and mankind. The coastal areas are among the most affected areas on the planet due to their geographical location. The effects suffered by coastal areas can render the residing populations homeless, as well as compromise the continuity of the history and culture of these environments. The Marine Extractive Reserve of the city of Soure (coastal area of eastern Amazonia) stands out for housing populations that have developed an intimate relationship with nature and have knowledge that can explain people's perception of climate changes. In this context, this study investigated how local residents perceive climate change and its consequences considering different temporal and spatial scales. To this end, questionnaires were developed and applied using a 5-point Likert scale. Our results indicate that perception is shaped by socioeconomic and demographic factors, and that they are perceived on different time scales and geographic space. These findings reflect the awareness-raising efforts of the management body of this Conservation Unit and the local knowledge, derived from the relationship of the residents with the natural environment, which, together, provided the population with assertive information that favor a better understanding of this phenomenon.
气候变化已成为不争的事实，其对全球生态系统和人类的影响也是如此。由于地理位置的原因，沿海地区是地球上受影响最严重的地区之一。沿海地区所遭受的影响可能会使当地居民无家可归，也会危及这些地区历史文化的延续性。苏雷市的海洋采掘保护区（位于亚马逊东部沿海地区）因居住着与自然建立了密切关系且拥有能解释人们对气候变化认知的知识的人群而备受瞩目。在此背景下，本研究调查了当地居民如何在不同的时间和空间尺度上感知气候变化及其后果。为此，设计并使用5级李克特量表发放了问卷。我们的结果表明，认知受到社会经济和人口因素的影响，且人们在不同的时间尺度和地理空间上感知气候变化。这些发现反映了该保护单位管理机构的宣传努力以及源自居民与自然环境关系的当地知识，二者共同为民众提供了有助于更好理解这一现象的确切信息。
