Berhanu Abib, Dugassa Sisay, Maru Minwuyelet, Animut Abebe, Erko Berhanu, Hailu Asrat, Gebresilassie Araya
Addis Ababa University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Zoological Sciences, Insect Science Stream, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Jul 14;9(8):e18286. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18286. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects 25% of the population living in the highlands of Ethiopia. CL intervention has not decreased the number of leishmaniasis patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine CL prevalence, community's knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP), and the sand fly fauna in Kutaber district, northeast Ethiopia.
A retrospective, community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Boru Meda Hospital from December 2014-March 2021 to study CL prevalence of Kutaber district. A Pre-tested, well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, KAP towards CL and knowledge about sand fly vectors. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used in the study, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 (p < 0.05).
A total of 10,002 (14.02%), of which 71,325 samples were confirmed as positive for CL. The infection rate of CL in females (7.1%) was a little bit higher than males (7.0%). More cases were recorded among 15-29 age category. The study also revealed that 77.1% of the respondents had poor knowledge about CL treatment, prevention, clinical presentation and disease transmission. Farmers tended to have poorer knowledge about sand flies than non-workers and students (32.7 vs. 35 and 44.1%; P = 0.049). Housewives had poorer knowledge about sand flies than farmers and workers (22.2 vs. 32.7 and 33.3%; P = 0.023). comprised the highest composition (80%) of the sand fly species identified in Kutaber district.
The data showed that the community had poor knowledge about CL, vector, and transmission mode. CL preventive measures were prevalent, implying the need to raise CL awareness. was identified as the most dominant sand fly species which accounted for CL. The findings can be used in developing an effective control strategy to reduce CL transmission in the study area and elsewhere in Ethiopia.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）影响着埃塞俄比亚高地25%的人口。CL干预措施并未减少利什曼病患者的数量。在埃塞俄比亚东北部的库塔贝尔区开展了一项横断面研究，以确定CL的患病率、社区的知识、态度和行为（KAP）以及白蛉种类。
2014年12月至2021年3月在博罗梅达医院进行了一项基于社区的回顾性横断面研究，以研究库塔贝尔区的CL患病率。使用预先测试的、结构良好的问卷收集参与者的社会人口学特征、对CL的KAP以及对白蛉传播媒介的了解情况。本研究采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析，并使用SPSS 23版软件进行数据分析（p < 0.05）。
总共10002例（14.02%），其中71325份样本被确认为CL阳性。女性的CL感染率（7.1%）略高于男性（7.0%）。15 - 29岁年龄组记录的病例更多。该研究还显示，77.1%的受访者对CL治疗、预防、临床表现和疾病传播的了解较差。农民对白蛉的了解往往比非劳动者和学生更差（32.7%对35%和44.1%；P = 0.049）。家庭主妇对白蛉的了解比农民和劳动者更差（22.2%对32.7%和33.3%；P = 0.023）。在库塔贝尔区鉴定出的白蛉种类中占最高比例（80%）。
数据表明社区对CL、传播媒介和传播方式的了解较差。CL预防措施普遍存在，这意味着需要提高对CL的认识。被确定为导致CL的最主要白蛉种类。这些发现可用于制定有效的控制策略，以减少研究区域及埃塞俄比亚其他地区的CL传播。
