Palmborg Åsa, Lötvall Rebecka, Cardeña Etzel
CERCAP, Lund University, Sweden.
Eur J Trauma Dissociation. 2022 Sep;6(3):100283. doi: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100283. Epub 2022 May 31.
Sweden was hit hard in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic with deaths per capita among the highest in Europe. The pandemic was a stressful time especially for healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. Various studies have evaluated whether nurses caring for these patients had higher levels of acute stress, but typically with measures that either used older DSM-IV criteria for Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) or general measures of acute stress. We recruited an online sample ( = 101) of nurses in Sweden from COVID-19 specialized units (ICU), Emergency (ER), and other units (Other), and asked them to answer questionnaires retrospectively to the peak of infections in Sweden. We aimed to evaluate: 1) the psychometric properties of the translation of the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire-II (SASRQ-II, which follows DSM-5 criteria for ASD) into Swedish, 2) whether nurses in COVID-19 units had experienced more acute stress than nurses in other units, and 3) the extent of potential acute stress disorder. The SASRQ-II evidenced good construct, convergent and divergent validity, and good reliability. It showed that ICU nurses reported significantly more acute stress than the other two groups, a difference that could not be accounted for by demographic or other variables. A retrospective diagnosis of ASD using the SASRQ-II suggested that 60% of nurses might have fulfilled ASD criteria, but no differences across groups were found.
在新冠疫情初期，瑞典受到重创，人均死亡率位居欧洲最高之列。疫情期间压力巨大，尤其是对于照顾新冠患者的医护人员来说。各种研究评估了照顾这些患者的护士是否有更高水平的急性应激，但通常采用的测量方法要么使用旧的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）中急性应激障碍（ASD）的标准，要么是急性应激的一般测量方法。我们从瑞典的新冠专科医院单位（重症监护病房，ICU）、急诊科（ER）和其他科室（其他）招募了一个在线样本（n = 101）的护士，并要求他们回顾性地回答瑞典感染高峰时期的问卷。我们旨在评估：1）斯坦福急性应激反应问卷-II（SASRQ-II，遵循DSM-5中ASD的标准）翻译成瑞典语后的心理测量特性；2）新冠病房的护士是否比其他科室的护士经历了更多的急性应激；3）潜在急性应激障碍的程度。SASRQ-II显示出良好的结构效度、收敛效度和区分效度，以及良好的信度。结果表明，ICU护士报告的急性应激明显多于其他两组，这一差异无法用人口统计学或其他变量来解释。使用SASRQ-II进行ASD的回顾性诊断表明，60%的护士可能符合ASD标准，但各组之间未发现差异。
