横断面研究：喀麦隆布埃亚卫生区耐甲氧西林 分离株的流行率和药敏模式。
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant isolated from patients in the Buea Health District, Cameroon.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Buea, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
出版信息
Pan Afr Med J. 2023 May 10;45:28. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.28.36860. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
Staphylococcus aureus, which is part of the normal flora accounts for most acute and chronic infections in humans, and treatment options are greatly limited, when infection is caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA from clinical samples obtained randomly from patients in Buea Health District.
METHODS
a total of 264 wounds, nasopharynx, and urine samples were collected from patients from different hospitals in Buea and transported to the laboratory in the University of Buea, for analysis. Samples were inoculated on mannitol salt agar for S. aureus isolation, characterized morphologically by gram staining and biochemically by catalase, coagulase, and hemolysis tests. Diagnosis of S. aureus was confirmed by molecular identification of the nuc gene. MRSA was identified from S. aureus by oxacillin screening and confirmed by molecular identification of the mecA gene. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0.
RESULTS
S. aureus was isolated from 70 (26.52%) and all were confirmed molecularly by nuc gene amplification. MRSA by oxacillin screening was 36 (13.64%) while MRSA detected by mecA gene amplification was 34 (12.88%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed 100% resistance to ampicillin, 88.24% to cefixime and 70.59% to ceftriaxone while low resistance was observed to meropenem (11.76%), doxycycline (14.71%), and vancomycin (17.67%).
CONCLUSION
MRSA isolated from Buea Health District are resistant to ampicillin, cefixime, and ceftriaxone. The antimicrobials (meropenem, doxycycline, and vancomycin) should be used to treat MRSA infections in Buea Health District.
简介
金黄色葡萄球菌是正常菌群的一部分，导致了人类大部分急性和慢性感染，而当感染由耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）引起时，治疗选择非常有限。本研究旨在确定从布埃拉卫生区随机抽取的患者临床样本中 MRSA 的流行情况和抗菌药物敏感性模式。
方法
共采集了 264 份来自布埃拉不同医院的伤口、鼻咽和尿液样本，并运送到布埃拉大学的实验室进行分析。样本接种于甘露醇盐琼脂以分离金黄色葡萄球菌，通过革兰氏染色和触酶、凝固酶和溶血试验进行形态学和生物化学鉴定。通过 nuc 基因的分子鉴定确认金黄色葡萄球菌的诊断。通过 oxacillin 筛选从金黄色葡萄球菌中鉴定出 MRSA，并通过 mecA 基因的分子鉴定进行确认。使用 SPSS 版本 17.0 对数据进行分析。
结果
从 70 份（26.52%）样本中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌，均通过 nuc 基因扩增得到分子确认。通过 oxacillin 筛选出的 MRSA 为 36 株（13.64%），通过 mecA 基因扩增检测出的 MRSA 为 34 株（12.88%）。抗菌药物敏感性试验显示对氨苄西林的耐药率为 100%，对头孢克肟的耐药率为 88.24%，对头孢曲松的耐药率为 70.59%，而对美罗培南（11.76%）、多西环素（14.71%）和万古霉素（17.67%）的耐药率较低。
结论
从布埃拉卫生区分离出的 MRSA 对氨苄西林、头孢克肟和头孢曲松耐药。美罗培南、多西环素和万古霉素等抗菌药物应用于治疗布埃拉卫生区的 MRSA 感染。
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