College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, No.479 Shengli North Street, Chang 'an District, Shijiazhuang 050041, China.
Microbiol Res. 2022 Dec;265:127182. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127182. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
This study investigated the biocontrol ability of Trichoderma harzianum CGMCC20739 (Tha739) against apple bitter rot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In vitro tests, Tha739 inhibited the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides. Microscopic observation showed that Tha739 grew in parallel with, coiled around, and deformed the hyphae of C. gloeosporioides. Tha739-derived metabolites decreased the conidia production of C. gloeosporioides. In vivo tests, the lesion diameters of wounded apples treated with Tha739 1 h before C. gloeosporioides were lower than those of wounded apples treated with Tha739 after pathogen inoculation. In addition, compared with the apples inoculated with C. gloeosporioides only, the disease index of unwounded apples inoculated with Tha739 and C. gloeosporioides decreased by 2.17-fold. Furthermore, compared with the control, the total soluble solid contents of apples treated with Tha739 were 9.02 % and 1.54 % higher at 1 and 3 d, respectively. The titratable acidity contents of apples treated with Tha739 were 10.02 % and 14.58 % higher than those in the control at 1 and 3 d after treatment, respectively. The soluble sugar content and weight loss in Tha739 treatment group and control were not significantly different. The results showed that Tha739 could control apple bitter rot and maintain the nutritional quality of the fruit. Thus, T. harzianum Tha739 is a potentially biocontrol agent for harvested apples.
本研究调查了哈茨木霉 CGMCC20739（Tha739）对由胶孢炭疽菌引起的苹果苦腐病的生防能力。在体外试验中，Tha739 抑制了胶孢炭疽菌的菌丝生长。显微镜观察表明，Tha739 与胶孢炭疽菌的菌丝平行生长、缠绕和变形。Tha739 产生的代谢物减少了胶孢炭疽菌的分生孢子产生。在体内试验中，在接种胶孢炭疽菌前 1 h 用 Tha739 处理的受伤苹果的病斑直径小于在接种病原菌后用 Tha739 处理的受伤苹果的病斑直径。此外，与仅接种胶孢炭疽菌的苹果相比，同时接种 Tha739 和胶孢炭疽菌的未受伤苹果的病情指数降低了 2.17 倍。此外，与对照相比，用 Tha739 处理的苹果的总可溶性固形物含量在处理后 1 和 3 天分别提高了 9.02%和 1.54%。用 Tha739 处理的苹果的可滴定酸度含量在处理后 1 和 3 天分别比对照提高了 10.02%和 14.58%。Tha739 处理组和对照组的可溶性糖含量和失重差异不显著。结果表明，Tha739 可以控制苹果苦腐病，保持果实的营养品质。因此，哈茨木霉 Tha739 是一种有潜力的采后苹果生防剂。
