Department of Neurology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Nutr Rev. 2024 May 10;82(6):738-748. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad089.
Although several epidemiological studies have examined the association between coffee or tea intake and the risk of cognitive disorders, the results to date are inconsistent.
An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to confirm the association between coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption and the risk of cognitive disorders.
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 2022 for relevant studies, including dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and cognitive impairment or decline.
Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and assessed the study quality.
Restricted cubic splines were used to conduct the dose-response meta-analysis for coffee and tea intake.
Twenty-two prospective studies and 11 case-control studies involving 389 505 participants were eligible for this meta-analysis. Coffee and tea consumption was linked to a lower risk of cognitive disorders, with an overall relative risk (RR) of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60-0.86) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56-0.80), respectively. The subgroup analysis revealed that ethnicity, sex, and outcomes had significant effects on this association. Protection was stronger for men than that for women in both coffee and tea consumption. A nonlinear relationship was found between coffee consumption and AD risk, and the strength of protection peaked at approximately 2.5 cups/day (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.59-0.93). A linear relationship was found between tea consumption and cognitive disorders, and the risk decreased by 11% for every 1-cup/day increment.
This meta-analysis demonstrated that the consumption of 2.5 cups coffee/day minimizes the risk of AD, and 1 cup/day of tea intake leads to an 11% reduction in cognitive deficits. Effective interventions involving coffee and tea intake might prevent the occurrence of dementia.
尽管有几项流行病学研究探讨了咖啡或茶的摄入量与认知障碍风险之间的关系，但迄今为止，结果并不一致。
进行了一项更新的系统评价和剂量-反应荟萃分析，以证实咖啡、茶和咖啡因的消耗与认知障碍风险之间的关联。
从建库到 2022 年 1 月，检索了 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 以获取相关研究，包括痴呆症、阿尔茨海默病（AD）和认知障碍或下降。
两名审查员独立进行数据提取和评估研究质量。
使用限制立方样条进行咖啡和茶摄入量的剂量-反应荟萃分析。
共有 22 项前瞻性研究和 11 项病例对照研究纳入了 389505 名参与者，符合本荟萃分析的条件。咖啡和茶的消费与认知障碍风险降低相关，总体相对风险（RR）分别为 0.73（95%CI：0.60-0.86）和 0.68（95%CI：0.56-0.80）。亚组分析表明，种族、性别和结局对这种关联有显著影响。在咖啡和茶的消费中，男性的保护作用强于女性。发现咖啡消费与 AD 风险之间存在非线性关系，在每天约 2.5 杯时保护作用最强（RR：0.74；95%CI：0.59-0.93）。发现茶消费与认知障碍之间存在线性关系，每天增加 1 杯，风险降低 11%。
本荟萃分析表明，每天饮用 2.5 杯咖啡可最大程度地降低 AD 风险，每天饮用 1 杯茶可降低 11%的认知缺陷风险。涉及咖啡和茶摄入的有效干预措施可能预防痴呆症的发生。
