Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G128QQ, UK.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Oct;75:102432. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102432. Epub 2023 Jul 29.
Priming reflects the capacity of plants to memorise environmental stress experience and improve their response to recurring stress. Epigenetic modifications in DNA and associated histone proteins may carry short-term and long-term memory in the same plant or mediate transgenerational effects, but the evidence is still largely circumstantial. New experimental tools now enable scientists to perform targeted manipulations that either prevent or generate a particular epigenetic modification in a particular location of the genome. Such 'reverse epigenetics' approaches allow for the interrogation of causality between individual priming-induced modifications and their role for altering gene expression and plant performance under recurring stress. Furthermore, combining site-directed epigenetic manipulation with conditional and cell-type specific promoters creates novel opportunities to test and engineer spatiotemporal patterns of priming.
启动反映了植物记忆环境胁迫经历的能力，并提高了它们对反复胁迫的反应能力。DNA 和相关组蛋白的表观遗传修饰可能在同一植物中携带短期和长期记忆，或者介导跨代效应，但证据仍然主要是间接的。新的实验工具现在使科学家能够进行靶向操作，即在基因组的特定位置防止或产生特定的表观遗传修饰。这种“反向表观遗传学”方法允许在单个启动诱导的修饰及其在反复胁迫下改变基因表达和植物性能中的作用之间进行因果关系的询问。此外，将靶向表观遗传操作与条件和细胞类型特异性启动子相结合，为测试和设计启动的时空模式创造了新的机会。
