Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'ambrogio, Milan, Italy.
Chronobiol Int. 2023 Aug;40(8):1028-1038. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2241906. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
University students are commonly described as having worsened sleep quality, especially when inactive and Evening-type (E-type) subjects. This study aimed to examine the interactions between physical activity and chronotype on sleep quality among a sample of active Sports Science university students. In November 2019, 433 participants (mean age: 19.7 ± 1.56 years; 70% males) completed the , the (tertiles categorisation), and the . Females and E-type slept significantly worse than males and Neither-(N-types) and Morning-types (M-types), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in sleep quality based on physical activity levels. The three-way ANOVA revealed that sleep quality in - and E-types appeared to be independent of physical activity, whereas M-types showed an improvement in sleep classification with increased physical activity. Moderation analysis indicated that physical activity significantly moderated the relationship between chronotypes and sleep quality. Specifically, M-types demonstrated a more pronounced improvement in sleep quality with increasing physical activity compared to the other chronotypes. In conclusion, M-type university students derived the greatest benefits from physical activity in improving sleep quality. Conversely, physical activity seemed to have a limited impact on sleep quality among active E-type university students.
大学生的睡眠质量通常较差，尤其是不活跃和 Evening 型（E 型）的受试者。本研究旨在考察体育科学专业大学生中，体力活动和昼夜类型对睡眠质量的交互作用。2019 年 11 月，433 名参与者（平均年龄：19.7±1.56 岁；70%为男性）完成了 PSQI、PASE 和 CHT。女性和 E 型的睡眠质量明显差于男性和非典型（N 型）和晨型（M 型）。然而，基于体力活动水平，睡眠质量没有显著差异。三因素方差分析显示，体力活动似乎与 - 和 E 型的睡眠质量无关，而 M 型的睡眠分类随着体力活动的增加而有所改善。调节分析表明，体力活动显著调节了昼夜类型与睡眠质量之间的关系。具体来说，与其他昼夜类型相比，M 型的大学生在体力活动增加时，睡眠质量的改善更为明显。综上所述，M 型大学生从体力活动中获益最大，可改善睡眠质量。相反，体力活动对活跃的 E 型大学生的睡眠质量影响有限。
