Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
Perinatology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2024 Feb;59(2):295-303. doi: 10.1007/s00127-023-02536-7. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Transition to parenthood is a life-changing yet stressful event for both men and women. The present study aims to: (1) establish the incidence of prenatal paternal depression and anxiety in a sample of expectant fathers and (2) assess the relationship between sexist beliefs and mental health outcomes.
We recruited expectant fathers (n = 100) who attended the Gynecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of Eskişehir Osmangazi University Hospital with their pregnant partners. Fathers completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Ambivalent Sexism Scale.
36% of expectant fathers reported depression, and 12% reported anxiety. Hostile sexism was correlated with depression (r = 0.303, p < 0.01), and anxiety (r = 0.228, p < 0.05). Benevolent sexism was not related to anxiety or depression (each, p > 0.05). Family social support (p = 0.004) and perceived financial satisfaction (p = 0.027) predicted anxiety, while family social support (p < 0.001) and perceived financial satisfaction (p = 0.036) predicted depression. Hostile sexism predicted both anxiety (B = 0.28, p = 0.004) and depression (B = 0.32, p < 0.001).
Results may not show a causal relationship due to the study's cross-sectional design. We recruited participants in only one center. Our measures of anxiety and depression were purely psychometric.
Sexist beliefs may serve as environmental stressors among men in the perinatal period by increasing the masculine role stress. Future interventions to treat prenatal paternal depression may target sexism.
对男性和女性而言，向为人父母者的角色转变是一个改变生活但充满压力的事件。本研究旨在：（1）确定预期父亲样本中产前父亲抑郁和焦虑的发生率；（2）评估性别歧视信念与心理健康结果之间的关系。
我们招募了 100 名与其怀孕伴侣一起前往埃斯基谢希尔奥斯曼加齐大学医院妇产科门诊就诊的准父亲。父亲们完成了医院焦虑和抑郁量表、多维感知社会支持量表和矛盾性别歧视量表。
36%的准父亲报告有抑郁，12%的准父亲报告有焦虑。敌意性别歧视与抑郁（r=0.303，p<0.01）和焦虑（r=0.228，p<0.05）相关。仁慈性别歧视与焦虑或抑郁无关（p>0.05）。家庭社会支持（p=0.004）和感知财务满意度（p=0.027）预测焦虑，而家庭社会支持（p<0.001）和感知财务满意度（p=0.036）预测抑郁。敌意性别歧视预测了焦虑（B=0.28，p=0.004）和抑郁（B=0.32，p<0.001）。
由于研究的横断面设计，结果可能无法显示因果关系。我们只在一个中心招募参与者。我们的焦虑和抑郁测量纯粹是心理计量学的。
性别歧视信念可能通过增加男性角色压力，成为围产期男性的环境应激源。未来治疗产前父亲抑郁的干预措施可能针对性别歧视。
