Zhang Xiaoyan, Xie Yao, Wang Lin
Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023 Sep;13(9):1909-1934. doi: 10.1007/s13555-023-00978-0. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
As an immune-response modifier, imiquimod can bind to Toll-like receptors on immune cells and enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, exerting potential antitumor and antiviral effects, which led to its approval by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of actinic keratosis, superficial basal cell carcinomas, and anogenital warts, and to its off-label use in treating many other benign and malignant dermatoses. Although topical administration of imiquimod has been considered well tolerated, an increasing number of cutaneous and noncutaneous side effects are being reported as its clinical applications expand. This review primarily focuses on rare cutaneous side effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article to summarize the mechanism, diagnosis, and management of rare cutaneous side effects of imiquimod, which may help to heighten awareness among physicians, especially dermatologists, about potential imiquimod-induced cutaneous side effects.
作为一种免疫反应调节剂，咪喹莫特可与免疫细胞上的Toll样受体结合，增强先天性和适应性免疫反应，发挥潜在的抗肿瘤和抗病毒作用，这使得它被美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于治疗光化性角化病、浅表性基底细胞癌和肛门生殖器疣，并被超说明书用于治疗许多其他良性和恶性皮肤病。尽管局部应用咪喹莫特已被认为耐受性良好，但随着其临床应用的扩大，越来越多的皮肤和非皮肤副作用被报道。本综述主要关注罕见的皮肤副作用。据我们所知，这是第一篇总结咪喹莫特罕见皮肤副作用的机制、诊断和处理方法的文章，这可能有助于提高医生，尤其是皮肤科医生对咪喹莫特潜在引起的皮肤副作用的认识。
