College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
J Proteomics. 2023 Sep 30;288:104982. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104982. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
High growth rates and body weight are important traits of young dairy goats that can shorten generation intervals, improve animal performance, and increase economic benefits. In the present study, ninety-nine, 6-month-old, female goats were fed with the same diet and kept under the same management condition. The ten goats with highest average daily gain (ADG, HADG, 135.27 ± 4.59 g/d) and ten goats with lowest ADG (LADG, 87.74 ± 3.13 g/d) were selected to identify the key serum metabolites associated with ADG, and to investigate the relationships of serum metabolome profiles with digestive tract microbiota. The results showed that a total of 125 serum metabolites were significantly different between HADG and LADG. Of these, 43 serum metabolites were significantly higher levels in HADG, including D-ornithine, l-glutamine, L-histidine, carnosine, LysoPC (16:1(9Z)/0:0), DCTP and hydroxylysine, while, 82 serum metabolites were significantly higher levels in LADG, including P-salicylic acid and deoxycholic acid 3-glucuronide. Pathway analysis indicated that these different metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that these differential serum metabolites were correlated with ADG and ADG-related bacteria. Notably, serum hydroxylysine and L-histidine could be used as biomarkers for distinguishing HADG and LADG goats, with an accuracy of >92.0%. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study confirms that individual microbiota and metabolic differences contribute to the variations of growth rate in young goats. Some serum metabolites may be useful in improving the growth performance of young goats, which provides directions for developing further nutritional regulation in the goat industry to achieve healthy feeding and efficiency enhancement.
高生长速度和体重是年轻奶山羊的重要特征，可缩短世代间隔，提高动物生产性能，增加经济效益。本研究选择 99 只 6 月龄、♀、健康、体重相近的奶山羊，采用相同的日粮和管理条件进行饲养，通过比较日增重（ADG）最高和最低的 10 只山羊，筛选与 ADG 显著相关的血清代谢物，并对血清代谢组学特征与消化道微生物区系的关系进行研究。结果表明：HADG 与 LADG 之间共鉴定到 125 个差异代谢物，其中 43 个代谢物在 HADG 中上调，包括 D-鸟氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、L-组氨酸、肌肽、LysoPC（16:1(9Z)/0:0）、DCTP 和羟赖氨酸，82 个代谢物在 LADG 中上调，包括对香豆酸和脱氧胆酸 3-葡萄糖醛酸。通路分析表明，这些差异代谢物主要参与氨基酸和脂质代谢。Spearman 秩相关分析表明，这些差异代谢物与 ADG 和 ADG 相关细菌密切相关。值得注意的是，血清羟赖氨酸和 L-组氨酸可作为区分 HADG 和 LADG 山羊的生物标志物，准确率＞92.0%。本研究证实了个体微生物区系和代谢差异导致了年轻奶山羊生长速度的变化。一些血清代谢物可能有助于改善奶山羊的生长性能，为奶山羊养殖业进一步发展营养调控提供方向，以实现健康饲养和效率提高。
