Monge Cecilia, Maldonado J Alberto, McGlynn Katherine A, Greten Tim F
Gastrointestinal Malignancies Section, Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Hepatocell Carcinoma. 2023 Jul 27;10:1223-1235. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S412446. eCollection 2023.
Hispanic individuals comprise the second-largest subpopulation after non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals in the United States (US). We compared the relative contribution of Hispanic individuals to the ten most common causes of cancer-related deaths and studied enrollment of Hispanic patients in multinational phase III advanced liver cancer trials with the aim to investigate whether racial subpopulations are adequately represented in liver cancer trials.
Relative cancer incidence rates in Hispanic individuals, NHW individuals, non-Hispanic black (NHB) individuals, and Asian individuals were obtained from both the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database. Searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, we identified phase III clinical trials studying advanced liver cancer in the last ten years and collected enrollment for each race and ethnicity. Incidence rates of liver cancer and enrollment rates in phase III trials were compared by race and ethnicity.
The cancer type with the relatively highest contribution of Hispanic individuals was liver cancer. From 2015 to 2019, 15.1% of liver cancer cases occurred in Hispanic individuals compared to 12.5% in Asian individuals, 11% in NHB individuals, and 7.5% in NHW individuals. In the last ten years, Hispanic individuals made up 1.6% of patients and NHB individuals 1.3% of patients included in phase III multinational liver cancer trials, compared to 31% NHW individuals and 47% Asian individuals.
Hispanic individuals are disproportionately underrepresented in multinational phase III clinical trials for liver cancer despite having the highest relative incidence rates among the four major racial or ethnic groups in the US.
西班牙裔个体是美国继非西班牙裔白人（NHW）之后的第二大亚人群体。我们比较了西班牙裔个体对十种最常见癌症相关死亡原因的相对贡献，并研究了西班牙裔患者在跨国III期晚期肝癌试验中的入组情况，旨在调查肝癌试验中种族亚人群体是否得到充分代表。
从美国国立癌症研究所（NCI）的监测、流行病学和最终结果计划以及疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）的美国癌症统计（USCS）数据库中获取西班牙裔个体、NHW个体、非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）个体和亚洲个体的相对癌症发病率。通过检索PubMed、Embase和科学网，我们确定了过去十年中研究晚期肝癌的III期临床试验，并收集了每个种族和族裔的入组情况。按种族和族裔比较了肝癌发病率和III期试验的入组率。
西班牙裔个体相对贡献最高的癌症类型是肝癌。2015年至2019年，15.1%的肝癌病例发生在西班牙裔个体中，相比之下，亚洲个体为12.5%，NHB个体为11%，NHW个体为7.5%。在过去十年中，西班牙裔个体占III期跨国肝癌试验患者的1.6%，NHB个体占1.3%，而NHW个体占31%，亚洲个体占47%。
尽管西班牙裔个体在美国四大种族或族裔群体中的相对发病率最高，但在跨国III期肝癌临床试验中的代表性却严重不足。
