Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Plant Res. 2023 Nov;136(6):879-889. doi: 10.1007/s10265-023-01479-z. Epub 2023 Aug 3.
Phosphorus is essential in critical plant processes such as signaling, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, and enzyme activity during respiration. Phosphorus stress therefore has a significant impact on plant growth and metabolism. Here, we characterized the biochemical responses of Artemisia argyi Level. et Vant to low phosphorus (LP) and high phosphorus (HP) stress. Plants were treated with 0 g (LP), 1.5 g (control), or 3 g (HP) P per 10 kg of soil. The results demonstrated that CK encouraged the most plant growth, as quantified by leaf size and plant biomass. We also found that the total amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds (such as chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, hispidulin, jaceosidin, eupatilin, and casticin) were increased in the leaves of A. argyi plants exposed to LP stress compared to those raised under CK conditions. The levels of these compounds were inversely related to the amount of phosphorus added, and therefore peaked in plants treated with LP stress. Levels of terpenoids were also found to fluctuate under LP and HP stress compared to CK conditions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses showed up-regulation of several genes encoding key enzymes in the flavonoid and phenolic acid metabolic pathways under LP stress. There were also alterations in the expression levels of genes in the methylerythritol 4-phosphate and mevalonate pathways of terpene synthesis. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying phosphorus stress responses and their impacts on the growth and quality of the economically important species A. argyi.
磷在植物的信号转导、光合作用、能量代谢和呼吸作用中的酶活性等关键过程中必不可少。因此，磷胁迫对植物的生长和代谢有显著影响。在这里，我们描述了艾蒿（Artemisia argyi Level. et Vant）对低磷（LP）和高磷（HP）胁迫的生化反应。植物用 0 g（LP）、1.5 g（对照）或 3 g（HP）P/10 kg 土壤处理。结果表明，CK 促进了植物生长，表现为叶片大小和植物生物量的增加。我们还发现，与 CK 条件下生长的植株相比，LP 胁迫下艾蒿叶片中总酚类和类黄酮化合物（如绿原酸、异绿原酸 A、异绿原酸 B、异绿原酸 C、隐绿原酸、新绿原酸、毛蕊花糖苷、乔松苷、木犀草素、芹菜素和丁香苷）的含量增加。这些化合物的含量与添加的磷量呈负相关，因此在 LP 胁迫处理的植物中含量最高。萜类化合物的含量也与 CK 条件相比，在 LP 和 HP 胁迫下波动。此外，转录组分析显示，LP 胁迫下，编码类黄酮和酚酸代谢途径关键酶的几个基因表达上调。萜烯合成的甲基赤藓醇 4-磷酸和甲羟戊酸途径中的基因表达水平也发生了改变。本研究有助于深入了解磷胁迫反应的生理和分子机制及其对经济重要物种艾蒿生长和品质的影响。
