Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023070. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2023070. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
The purpose of this study was to explore the association between adherence to 2 cancer prevention recommendations and cancer risk.
In total, 104,386 individuals aged 40-69 years old who were recruited between 2004 and 2013 in the Health Examinees-Gem study were included. Adherence scores were constructed based on 8 items from the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations, including body weight, physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and breastfeeding, and on 6 items from the Korean cancer prevention guidelines (smoking status, eating vegetables and fruits, salty foods, alcohol intake, physical activity, and body weight). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the associations between adherence scores and the risk of total and 5 major cancers.
The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) for total cancer with the high adherence score versus the lowest score (4.25-7.00 vs. 0.00-3.25) for the WCRF/AICR guidelines was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.00) in men. A reduced breast cancer risk was observed among women with the highest score. Men within the highest category of the Korean cancer prevention guideline score (3.25-6.00) had an HR of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.88) for developing total cancer compared to men within the lowest score (0.00-2.50). The higher adherence group among men showed lower risks of developing stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers.
Adhering to guidelines for cancer prevention can help to reduce the risk of developing cancer in Korean men. The association might differ by cancer type and gender.
本研究旨在探讨遵循 2 项癌症预防建议与癌症风险之间的关联。
共纳入 2004 年至 2013 年间参加健康体检-玉环研究的 104386 名 40-69 岁的个体。根据世界癌症研究基金会/美国癌症研究所（WCRF/AICR）癌症预防建议中的 8 项内容（体重、身体活动、饮食、饮酒和母乳喂养）和韩国癌症预防指南中的 6 项内容（吸烟状况、食用蔬菜和水果、咸食、饮酒、身体活动和体重），构建了依从性评分。采用 Cox 比例风险模型估计依从性评分与总癌症和 5 种主要癌症风险之间的关联。
对于 WCRF/AICR 指南，高依从性评分组（4.25-7.00 分与 0.00-3.25 分）与最低评分组相比，男性总癌症的多变量风险比（HR）为 0.91（95%置信区间[CI]：0.82-1.00）。对于女性，观察到最高依从性评分与乳腺癌风险降低有关。对于男性，韩国癌症预防指南评分最高组（3.25-6.00 分）的总癌症发病 HR 为 0.80（95%CI：0.73-0.88），而评分最低组（0.00-2.50 分）的 HR 为 0.80（95%CI：0.73-0.88）。男性中依从性评分较高的组患胃癌、结直肠癌和肺癌的风险较低。
遵循癌症预防指南有助于降低韩国男性患癌症的风险。这种关联可能因癌症类型和性别而异。
