Zuo Zhijuan, Zhang Xingli
Mental Health Center in Department of Student Affairs, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 19;14:1161575. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1161575. eCollection 2023.
The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial was to find a more economical and feasible intervention for maladaptive perfectionism, which is a risk and maintenance mechanism for various psychopathologies.
In total, 64 university students who met the total inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either group CBT with positive psychotherapy intervention or a 16-week waitlist (WL). The intervention group received 2 h of therapy for eight weekly sessions. Measurements of maladaptive perfectionism and the symptoms of depression and anxiety were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up.
There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale between the intervention group and the waitlist group at baseline (all > 0.05). The intervention group had a significant main effect of time and a time × group interaction effect of the maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, Concern over Mistakes and Doubts about Actions, and depression and anxiety scores in comparison with the waitlist group at the post-intervention and 8-week follow-up and had no statistically significant effects on the scores for Personal Standards, Parental Expectation, and Parental Criticism. The analysis showed that group intervention reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety while reducing maladaptive aspects of perfectionism.
This study added to the literature on CBT interventions for maladaptive perfectionism and indicated that group CBT with positive psychotherapy intervention had substantial long-term effects on the maladaptive perfectionism of university students in China. Moreover, the results indicated that the intervention increased participants' self-acceptance.
本随机对照试验的主要目标是找到一种更经济可行的针对适应不良完美主义的干预措施，适应不良完美主义是多种精神病理学的风险和维持机制。
总共64名符合全部纳入标准的大学生被随机分配到接受认知行为疗法与积极心理治疗干预的组或16周的等待名单组（WL）。干预组每周接受8次，每次2小时的治疗。在基线、干预后和随访时测量适应不良完美主义以及抑郁和焦虑症状。
在基线时，干预组和等待名单组在弗罗斯特多维完美主义量表、自评抑郁量表和自评焦虑量表的得分上没有统计学显著差异（均>0.05）。与等待名单组相比，干预组在干预后和8周随访时，在完美主义的适应不良方面、对错误的担忧和对行动的怀疑以及抑郁和焦虑得分上有显著的时间主效应和时间×组交互效应，而在个人标准、父母期望和父母批评得分上没有统计学显著影响。分析表明，团体干预在减轻完美主义的适应不良方面的同时减轻了抑郁和焦虑症状。
本研究丰富了关于针对适应不良完美主义的认知行为疗法干预的文献，并表明认知行为疗法与积极心理治疗干预对中国大学生的适应不良完美主义有显著的长期影响。此外，结果表明该干预提高了参与者的自我接纳程度。
