Menger Ruth F, Funk Emily, Henry Charles S, Borch Thomas
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, 1872 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, 1370 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Chem Eng J. 2021 Aug;417:129133. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129133.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of compounds that have become environmental contaminants of emerging concern. They are highly persistent, toxic, bioaccumulative, and ubiquitous which makes them important to detect to ensure environmental and human health. Multiple instrument-based methods exist for sensitive and selective detection of PFAS in a variety of matrices, but these methods suffer from expensive costs and the need for a laboratory and highly trained personnel. There is a big need for fast, inexpensive, robust, and portable methods to detect PFAS in the field. This would allow environmental laboratories and other agencies to perform more frequent testing to comply with regulations. In addition, the general public would benefit from a fast method to evaluate the drinking water in their homes for PFAS contamination. A PFAS sensor would provide almost real-time data on PFAS concentrations that can also provide actionable information for water quality managers and consumers around the planet. In this review, we discuss the sensors that have been developed up to this point for PFAS detection by their molecular detection mechanism as well as the goals that should be considered during sensor development. Future research needs and commercialization challenges are also highlighted.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是一类已成为新出现的环境污染物的化合物。它们具有高度持久性、毒性、生物累积性且无处不在，这使得检测它们对于确保环境和人类健康至关重要。存在多种基于仪器的方法用于在各种基质中灵敏且选择性地检测PFAS，但这些方法存在成本高昂以及需要实验室和训练有素的人员的问题。迫切需要快速、廉价、可靠且便携的方法来在现场检测PFAS。这将使环境实验室和其他机构能够更频繁地进行检测以符合法规要求。此外，普通公众将受益于一种快速方法来评估其家中饮用水中的PFAS污染情况。一种PFAS传感器将提供几乎实时的PFAS浓度数据，这也可为全球的水质管理人员和消费者提供可采取行动的信息。在本综述中，我们根据其分子检测机制讨论了截至目前已开发的用于PFAS检测的传感器，以及在传感器开发过程中应考虑的目标。还强调了未来的研究需求和商业化挑战。
