五个状态因素控制着淡水盐碱化综合征的进展阶段。
Five state factors control progressive stages of freshwater salinization syndrome.
作者信息
Kaushal Sujay S, Mayer Paul M, Likens Gene E, Reimer Jenna E, Maas Carly M, Rippy Megan A, Grant Stanley B, Hart Ian, Utz Ryan M, Shatkay Ruth R, Wessel Barret M, Maietta Christine E, Pace Michael L, Duan Shuiwang, Boger Walter L, Yaculak Alexis M, Galella Joseph G, Wood Kelsey L, Morel Carol J, Nguyen William, Querubin Shane Elizabeth C, Sukert Rebecca A, Lowien Anna, Houde Alyssa Wellman, Roussel Anaïs, Houston Andrew J, Cacopardo Ari, Ho Cristy, Talbot-Wendlandt Haley, Widmer Jacob M, Slagle Jairus, Bader James A, Chong Jeng Hann, Wollney Jenna, Kim Jordan, Shepherd Lauren, Wilfong Matthew T, Houlihan Megan, Sedghi Nathan, Butcher Rebecca, Chaudhary Sona, Becker William D
机构信息
Department of Geology & Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.
Pacific Ecological Systems Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Corvallis, Oregon.
出版信息
Limnol Oceanogr Lett. 2023 Feb 1;8(1):190-211. doi: 10.1002/lol2.10248.
Factors driving freshwater salinization syndrome (FSS) influence the severity of impacts and chances for recovery. We hypothesize that spread of FSS across ecosystems is a function of interactions among five state factors: , and . (1) drive pulsed or chronic inputs of salt ions and mobilization of chemical contaminants. (2) drives rates of erosion, weathering, ion exchange, and acidification-alkalinization. (3) drive salinization and contaminant mobilization along hydrologic cycles. (4) drives rising water temperatures, salt stress, and evaporative concentration of ions and saltwater intrusion. (5) influences consequences, thresholds, and potentials for ecosystem recovery. We hypothesize that state factors advance FSS in distinct stages, which eventually contribute to failures in systems-level functions (supporting drinking water, crops, biodiversity, infrastructure, etc.). We present future research directions for protecting freshwaters at risk based on five state factors and stages from diagnosis to prognosis to cure.
驱动淡水盐碱化综合征（FSS）的因素会影响其影响的严重程度和恢复的可能性。我们假设FSS在生态系统中的扩散是五个状态因素之间相互作用的函数： ，以及 。（1） 驱动盐离子的脉冲或持续输入以及化学污染物的迁移。（2） 驱动侵蚀、风化、离子交换以及酸化-碱化速率。（3） 沿着水文循环驱动盐碱化和污染物迁移。（4） 驱动水温上升、盐胁迫以及离子的蒸发浓缩和海水入侵。（5） 影响生态系统恢复的后果、阈值和潜力。我们假设状态因素在不同阶段推进FSS，最终导致系统层面功能（支持饮用水、作物、生物多样性、基础设施等）失效。我们基于五个状态因素以及从诊断到预后再到治愈的阶段，提出了保护受威胁淡水的未来研究方向。
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