Liang Chaobo, Qiu Hua, Zhang Yali, Liu Yaqing, Gu Junwei
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Functional Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2023 Sep 15;68(17):1938-1953. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.07.046. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
The rapid development of mobile devices has greatly improved the lives of people, but they have also caused problems with electromagnetic interference (EMI) and information security. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high performance EMI shielding materials to suppress electromagnetic radiation and prevent information leakage. Some reports point out that the self-orientation behavior of fillers under external forces contributes to the improvement of EMI shielding performance. So how to construct an effective filler orientation structure in the polymer matrix is becoming a hot topic in the research of EMI shielding materials. In view of the fact that there are few reports on the preparation of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites by external field induction, from this perspective, we first highly focus on strategies for the construction of conductive networks within composites based on external field induction. Subsequently, the research progress on the preparation of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites by inducing the orientation of inorganic fillers through external fields, including temperature, electrostatic, gravity, mechanical force and magnetic fields, is organized and sorted out in detail. Notably, the particular response relationship between the unique composite structures prepared by external field induction and the incident electromagnetic waves is further dissected. Finally, the key scientific problems that need to be solved in the preparation of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites assisted by external fields are proposed. The approach discussed and the strategies proposed are expected to provide some guidance for the innovative design of high-performance polymer matrix EMI shielding composites.
移动设备的迅速发展极大地改善了人们的生活，但也引发了电磁干扰（EMI）和信息安全问题。因此，迫切需要开发高性能的电磁干扰屏蔽材料，以抑制电磁辐射并防止信息泄露。一些报告指出，填料在外部力作用下的自取向行为有助于提高电磁干扰屏蔽性能。那么，如何在聚合物基体中构建有效的填料取向结构正成为电磁干扰屏蔽材料研究的热点话题。鉴于通过外场诱导制备聚合物基电磁干扰屏蔽复合材料的报道较少，从这个角度出发，我们首先高度关注基于外场诱导在复合材料中构建导电网络的策略。随后，详细整理了通过温度、静电、重力、机械力和磁场等外场诱导无机填料取向来制备聚合物基电磁干扰屏蔽复合材料的研究进展。值得注意的是，进一步剖析了外场诱导制备的独特复合结构与入射电磁波之间的特定响应关系。最后，提出了在外场辅助制备聚合物基电磁干扰屏蔽复合材料过程中需要解决的关键科学问题。所讨论的方法和提出的策略有望为高性能聚合物基电磁干扰屏蔽复合材料的创新设计提供一些指导。
