Abdulkarim Suhail M, Subke Abeer A
Preventive Medicine Postgraduate Program, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 5;15(7):e41382. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41382. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Introduction Bullying in workplaces can lead to serious and deleterious effects on both the health and well-being of individuals. In a healthcare environment, bullying can lead to life-threatening adverse outcomes for patients and healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors of bullying among primary healthcare workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study targeted physicians and nurses in Jeddah healthcare centers and used a Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) to evaluate participants' exposure to bullying. The chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the outcome and other variables. Results The majority of participants (59.8%) had more than 10 years of experience and were nurses (56.6%). The majority of participants (69.4%) scored below 33 on the NAQ-R scale, while 19.9% scored between 33 and 45, and 10.7% scored over 45. Most perpetrators were references/patients (22.4%), supervisors (19.2%), department managers, or general managers (19.2%). Of all participants, 28.8% had experienced workplace bullying (WPB), and 31.7% witnessed it over the past five years. Being subjected to WPB (< 0.001), being bullied by a manager (< 0.001), and experiencing and witnessing WPB over the past five years (< 0.001) correlated with higher NAQ-R scores. Years of experience were significantly associated with NAQ-R scores ( = 0.016). Conclusions This study indicates bullying among a third of healthcare workers, mainly perpetrated by patients and managers. Years of experience and manager offenses, experiencing and witnessing WPB were associated with higher bullying rates. Therefore, there is an urgent need for antibullying policies, awareness campaigns, education programs, effective communication, conflict resolution, leadership training, and transparent culture to address this problem.
引言 工作场所的欺凌行为会对个人的健康和幸福产生严重且有害的影响。在医疗环境中，欺凌行为可能会给患者和医护人员带来危及生命的不良后果。本研究的目的是评估沙特阿拉伯吉达市基层医护人员中欺凌行为的发生率及相关因素。方法 这项横断面研究以吉达市医疗中心的医生和护士为研究对象，使用修订后的负面行为问卷（NAQ-R）来评估参与者遭受欺凌的情况。采用卡方检验来检验结果与其他变量之间的关系。结果 大多数参与者（59.8%）有超过10年的工作经验，且为护士（56.6%）。大多数参与者（69.4%）在NAQ-R量表上的得分低于33分，而19.9%的参与者得分在33至45分之间，10.7%的参与者得分超过45分。大多数欺凌者是推荐人/患者（22.4%）、主管（19.2%）、部门经理或总经理（19.2%）。在所有参与者中，28.8%的人曾经历过工作场所欺凌（WPB），31.7%的人在过去五年中目睹过工作场所欺凌。遭受WPB（<0.001）、被经理欺凌（<0.001）以及在过去五年中经历和目睹WPB（<0.001）与较高的NAQ-R得分相关。工作年限与NAQ-R得分显著相关（ = 0.016）。结论 本研究表明，三分之一的医护人员遭受过欺凌行为，主要欺凌者为患者和管理人员。工作年限、管理人员的冒犯行为、经历和目睹WPB与较高的欺凌发生率相关。因此，迫切需要制定反欺凌政策、开展宣传活动、进行教育项目、实现有效沟通、解决冲突、进行领导力培训并营造透明的文化氛围来解决这一问题。
