USDA-ARS, PA, Oklahoma and Central Plains Agricultural Research Center, 7207 West Cheyenne Street, El Reno, OK, 73036, USA.
USDA-ARS, Tropical Agriculture Research Station, 2200 P.A. Campos Ave., Suite 201, Mayagüez, 00680, Puerto Rico.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 8;13(1):12875. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39550-3.
Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is an underutilized drought tolerant annual legume, originating from the Sonoran Desert, that may be a beneficial forage/hay for beef cattle in the Southern Great Plains of the US (SGP). The SGP has erratic rainfall and periods of intermittent drought exacerbated by high summer temperatures. In 2020 and 2021, a split-plot design was used to evaluate 13 genotypes of tepary bean and a forage soybean (control) at El Reno, OK, USA to compare production of plant biomass and forage nutritive value parameters under seven harvest regimes. Genotypes were used as the main plot and cutting management as the sub-plot. Biomass production of all tepary bean genotypes equaled that of soybean (p > 0.05), while several genotypes had superior forage nutritive value traits (p ≤ 0.05). Overall, a 15-cm cutting height and 30-day harvest interval produced the best overall product (average dry biomass of 5.8 Mg ha with average relative feed values (RFV) of 165). Although all harvest regimes reduced total seasonal biomass, forage nutritive value increased. However, the tradeoff between forage production and nutritive value may be unacceptable to most producers. Further agronomic and breeding research is needed to encourage producers to grow tepary bean as a forage/hay in the SGP.
刺山柑（Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray）是一种未被充分利用的耐旱一年生豆科植物，原产于索诺兰沙漠，可能是美国南部大平原（SGP）肉牛的有益饲料/干草。SGP 降雨不稳定，间歇性干旱时期因夏季高温而加剧。2020 年和 2021 年，在美国俄克拉荷马州埃尔雷诺（El Reno）采用裂区设计评估了 13 个刺山柑基因型和一种饲料大豆（对照），以比较在 7 种收获制度下植物生物量和饲料营养价值参数的生产情况。基因型作为主区，割草管理作为副区。所有刺山柑基因型的生物量生产均等同于大豆（p＞0.05），而几个基因型具有较高的饲料营养价值特性（p≤0.05）。总体而言，15 厘米的割草高度和 30 天的收获间隔期产生了最佳的综合产品（平均干生物量为 5.8 Mg ha，平均相对饲料值（RFV）为 165）。尽管所有收获制度都会减少整个季节的生物量，但饲料营养价值会增加。然而，饲料生产和营养价值之间的权衡可能是大多数生产者无法接受的。需要进一步进行农艺和育种研究，以鼓励生产者在 SGP 种植刺山柑作为饲料/干草。
