Pollitt C C, Holdsworth P A, Kelly W R, Meacham C S, Sheahan B
Aust Vet J. 1986 May;63(5):152-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02955.x.
A single oral dose of ivermectin paste was administered to 12 horses with dermatitis and clinical signs typical of onchocerciasis. Two of the horses also had lesions of Queensland itch. Microfilarias of Onchocerca cervicalis were identified in fresh, macerated, skin biopsies from the neck, brisket or umbilical regions of all horses and microfilarias of O. gutturosa from the neck of 2. Eight of the horses developed skin reactions 4 to 24 h after the administration of the ivermectin, notably weals over the neck, shoulders and flanks and pitting oedema of the ventral midline and intermandibular space. Regression of the onchocerciasis lesions was evident within 7 days of treatment and affected skin had returned to normal within 3 months. The lesions of Queensland itch were not affected by the ivermectin treatment. Microfilarias were present in biopsies of skin, particularly in the superficial dermis, before treatment, but were absent from all skin biopsies taken one week after treatment. In some horses transient skin sensitivity reactions developed. Microfilarias began to reappear in the biopsies of some of the horses 2 months after treatment. It is concluded that the oral paste formulation of ivermectin, although not effective against adult onchocerca, is useful for the therapeutic control of microfilarias in the skin lesions of equine onchocerciasis.
对12匹患有典型盘尾丝虫病皮炎和临床症状的马单次口服伊维菌素糊剂。其中两匹马还患有昆士兰痒疹病变。在所有马匹颈部、胸部或脐部新鲜、浸软的皮肤活检样本中均鉴定出颈盘尾丝虫微丝蚴，在2匹马的颈部鉴定出喉盘尾丝虫微丝蚴。8匹马在服用伊维菌素后4至24小时出现皮肤反应，尤其是颈部、肩部和胁腹出现风疹块，腹中线和下颌间隙出现凹陷性水肿。盘尾丝虫病病变在治疗后7天内明显消退，受影响的皮肤在3个月内恢复正常。伊维菌素治疗对昆士兰痒疹病变没有影响。治疗前，微丝蚴存在于皮肤活检样本中，尤其是浅表真皮层，但治疗1周后所有皮肤活检样本中均未发现微丝蚴。部分马匹出现短暂的皮肤过敏反应。治疗2个月后，部分马匹的活检样本中微丝蚴开始再次出现。结论是，伊维菌素口服糊剂虽然对成虫盘尾丝虫无效，但对马盘尾丝虫病皮肤病变中的微丝蚴有治疗控制作用。
