Bausell R B, Damrosch S, Parks P, Soeken K
AIDS Res. 1986 Summer;2(3):253-8. doi: 10.1089/aid.1.1986.2.253.
A telephone interview of 1256 adults age 18 and over was conducted using a random digit dialing procedure. Participants were queried about their perceptions of being at risk for contracting the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), optimism-pessimism about the controllability of the epidemic, whether they take special steps to avoid catching AIDS, and how they would prioritize three possible courses of action. The sample was about evenly divided between optimism and pessimism about controlling AIDS within five years; 10% perceived they were at least at some risk of contracting AIDS (with such "at risk" persons overrepresented among residents in the east, among college graduates, and within the 30-39 age bracket). Forty-one percent indicated taking special steps to avoid AIDS, with higher percentages of Blacks, Hispanics, and persons under age 30 reporting such precautions. Personal preventive action was ranked first among the three possible courses of action by 51%, unlimited governmental spending to find a cure or vaccine and governmental restrictions of certain homosexual behaviors were each ranked first by about 20% of the respondents. The results also indicated that perception of being at risk mediates some opinions about AIDS.
采用随机数字拨号程序对1256名18岁及以上的成年人进行了电话访谈。询问了参与者对感染获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）风险的看法、对该流行病可控性的乐观或悲观态度、他们是否采取特殊措施避免感染艾滋病，以及他们如何对三种可能的行动方案进行优先级排序。在对五年内控制艾滋病的态度上，样本中乐观者和悲观者人数大致相当；10%的人认为自己至少有一定感染艾滋病的风险（这类“有风险”人群在东部居民、大学毕业生以及30至39岁年龄组中占比过高）。41%的人表示采取了特殊措施避免感染艾滋病，黑人、西班牙裔以及30岁以下人群报告采取此类预防措施的比例更高。在三种可能的行动方案中，51%的人将个人预防行动列为首位，约20%的受访者分别将政府无限度投入资金寻找治愈方法或疫苗以及政府对某些同性恋行为的限制列为首位。结果还表明，对自身处于风险中的认知影响了一些关于艾滋病的看法。
