Khanjani Mohammad Saeed, Younesi Sayed Jalal, Abdi Kianoush, Mardani-Hamooleh Marjan, Sohrabnejad Sajad
Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Addict Health. 2023 Apr;15(2):119-127. doi: 10.34172/ahj.2023.1363. Epub 2023 Apr 29.
Suicide is considered a fundamental problem in discussions on public and global health. Thus, the current study aimed to review the prevalence of and reasons for successful suicide attempts in heroin users.
This study was conducted by systematically searching the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO from 1960/1/1 to 2021/11/1 based on the PRISMA checklist and using MeSH keywords with no temporal or linguistic limitations. The primary and secondary impacts of suicide were identified, and all studies following an observational design (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies) were included in the research. Data analysis was performed using Stata version 13. Finally, 17 studies were included in the work process for systematic review and meta-analysis.
The results showed the most frequent reasons for suicide among the studied individuals were gender (being female), youngness, heroin overdose, multi-drug abuse, history of repeated suicide attempts, history of psychiatric disorder (especially depression), joblessness, homelessness, distorted family relationships, etc. Moreover, the results of synthesizing the studies revealed the prevalence of suicide attempts equaled the effect size (95% CI=0.3 [0.23-0.37]) among these individuals, and the prevalence of successful suicides approached the effect size (95% CI=0.03 [0.01-0.05]).
The results of the present study showed the high prevalence of suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among the heroin-abusing population. Furthermore, according to the findings, the prevalence of unsuccessful suicide attempts was ten times more than that of successful ones in the target population.
在公共卫生和全球卫生讨论中，自杀被视为一个根本性问题。因此，本研究旨在回顾海洛因使用者中自杀未遂的发生率及原因。
本研究依据PRISMA清单，通过系统检索1960年1月1日至2021年11月1日期间的PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和PsycINFO电子数据库进行，使用医学主题词（MeSH）关键词，无时间或语言限制。确定自杀的主要和次要影响因素，所有采用观察性设计（队列研究、病例对照研究和横断面研究）的研究均纳入本研究。使用Stata 13版进行数据分析。最后，17项研究纳入系统评价和荟萃分析的工作流程。
结果显示，被研究个体中最常见的自杀原因包括性别（女性）、年轻、海洛因过量、多药滥用、多次自杀未遂史、精神疾病史（尤其是抑郁症）、失业、无家可归、家庭关系扭曲等。此外，综合研究结果显示，这些个体中自杀未遂的发生率等于效应量（95%CI = 0.3 [0.23 - 0.37]），成功自杀的发生率接近效应量（95%CI = 0.03 [0.01 - 0.05]）。
本研究结果显示，海洛因滥用人群中自杀念头和自杀未遂的发生率很高。此外，根据研究结果，目标人群中自杀未遂的发生率比成功自杀的发生率高十倍。
