The NU B.V., J.H. Oortweg 21, 2333CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik 36, 4204, Golnik, Slovenia.
Geroscience. 2024 Feb;46(1):1351-1356. doi: 10.1007/s11357-023-00882-7. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
The prevention of non-communicable diseases like cancer contributes to healthy aging. Dietary supplements might support such prevention; their effect likely depends on the personal characteristics of the individuals receiving them. To evaluate the influence of sex on reducing cancer incidence with multivitamin-multimineral (MVM) supplementation, sex-specific results of the efficacy of MVM supplementation for cancer prevention were collected and meta-analyzed (using fixed effect (FE) and random effect (RE) models). Three trials included in the "US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement Report regarding Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer" were used, namely, COSMOS, SU.VI.MAX, and PHS2. A total of 28,558 men and 20,542 women were included. Multivitamin-multimineral supplementation significantly reduced cancer incidence in the entire population (HR 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.99], FE and RE); sex-specific meta-analysis showed beneficial effects of supplementation in men (HR 0.91 [95% CI, 0.85-0.97] (FE)/0.88 [95% CI, 0.77-1.01] (RE)); however, there was no effect in women (HR 1.00 [95% CI, 0.88-1.14], FR and RE); (P = 0.17). Sex could influence the effect of MVM supplementation in reducing cancer incidence, with supplementation being effective only in male individuals. These results might be informative for future research and public health policy makers.
预防癌症等非传染性疾病有助于健康老龄化。膳食补充剂可能有助于这种预防；它们的效果可能取决于接受它们的个体的个人特征。为了评估性别对降低癌症发病率的影响，我们收集并荟萃分析了多维生素-矿物质（MVM）补充剂预防癌症的疗效的性别特异性结果（使用固定效应（FE）和随机效应（RE）模型）。使用了“美国预防服务工作组关于维生素、矿物质和多种维生素补充剂预防心血管疾病和癌症的推荐声明报告”中的三项试验，即 COSMOS、SU.VI.MAX 和 PHS2。共纳入 28558 名男性和 20542 名女性。MVM 补充剂显著降低了全人群的癌症发病率（HR 0.93 [95% CI，0.88-0.99]，FE 和 RE）；性别特异性荟萃分析显示补充剂对男性有益（HR 0.91 [95% CI，0.85-0.97]（FE）/0.88 [95% CI，0.77-1.01]（RE））；然而，对女性没有影响（HR 1.00 [95% CI，0.88-1.14]，FR 和 RE）；（P = 0.17）。性别可能影响 MVM 补充剂降低癌症发病率的效果，补充剂仅对男性有效。这些结果可能为未来的研究和公共卫生政策制定者提供信息。
