Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.
J Infect Dis. 2024 Feb 14;229(2):448-456. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad330.
The knowledge on vertical human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission is limited. We aimed to determine whether HPV transmission from parents to their offspring occurs before or during birth.
Altogether, 321 mothers, 134 fathers, and their 321 newborn offspring from the Finnish Family HPV study cohort were included. Parents' genital and oral brush samples and semen samples were collected for HPV testing at baseline (36 weeks of pregnancy). Oral, genital, and umbilical samples from the newborn and placenta samples were collected for HPV testing immediately after delivery. HPV risk for the newborn was calculated from the mother's and father's HPV status by using logistic regression analyses.
Concordances between mothers' and their newborns' HPV genotype at any site were statistically significant with HPV-6, -16, -18, -31, and -56; odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 3.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80-6.48) for HPV-16 to 634 (95% CI, 28.5-14 087) for HPV-31. Father-newborn HPV concordance was statistically significant with HPV-6 and HPV-31 (ORs, 4.89 [95% CI, 1.09-21.9] and 65.0 [95% CI, 2.92-1448], respectively).
The genotype-specific HPV concordance between parents and their newborn is suggestive for vertical HPV transmission. However, transmission from the father to the newborn remains more uncertain.
垂直人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）传播的知识有限。我们旨在确定 HPV 是否在出生前或出生时从父母传播给子女。
总共纳入了来自芬兰家庭 HPV 研究队列的 321 名母亲、134 名父亲及其 321 名新生儿。在基线（妊娠 36 周）时，采集父母的生殖器和口腔刷拭子和精液样本进行 HPV 检测。在分娩后立即采集新生儿的口腔、生殖器和脐部样本以及胎盘样本进行 HPV 检测。使用逻辑回归分析，根据母亲和父亲的 HPV 状况计算新生儿的 HPV 风险。
母亲和新生儿在任何部位的 HPV 基因型一致性具有统计学意义，与 HPV-6、-16、-18、-31 和 -56 相关；HPV-16 的比值比（OR）范围为 3.41（95%置信区间[CI]，1.80-6.48）至 HPV-31 的 634（95%CI，28.5-14087）。父亲与新生儿的 HPV 一致性具有统计学意义，与 HPV-6 和 HPV-31 相关（ORs，分别为 4.89[95%CI，1.09-21.9]和 65.0[95%CI，2.92-1448]）。
父母与新生儿之间 HPV 基因型特异性一致性提示垂直 HPV 传播。然而，从父亲到新生儿的传播仍然更不确定。
