College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, No. 30 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Dec 1;252:126199. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126199. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
The incidence of diabetes, as a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels, is increasing every year. The predominantly western medicine treatment is associated with certain side effects, which has prompted people to turn their attention to natural active substances. Natural polysaccharide is a safe and low-toxic natural substance with various biological activities. Hypoglycemic activity is one of the important biological activities of natural polysaccharides, which has great potential for development. A systematic review of the latest research progress and possible molecular mechanisms of hypoglycemic activity of natural polysaccharides is of great significance for better understanding them. In this review, we systematically reviewed the relationship between the hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharides and their structure in terms of molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic bonds, and summarized underlying molecular mechanisms the hypoglycemic activity of natural polysaccharides. In addition, the potential mechanisms of natural polysaccharides improving the complications of diabetes were analyzed and discussed. This paper provides some valuable insights and important guidance for further research on the hypoglycemic mechanisms of natural polysaccharides.
糖尿病的发病率逐年上升，作为一种以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病。主要的西药治疗方法存在一定的副作用，这促使人们将注意力转向天然活性物质。天然多糖是一种安全、低毒的天然物质，具有多种生物活性。降血糖活性是天然多糖的重要生物活性之一，具有很大的开发潜力。对天然多糖降血糖活性的最新研究进展和可能的分子机制进行系统综述，对于更好地了解它们具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们从分子量、单糖组成和糖苷键的角度系统地综述了多糖的降血糖活性与其结构之间的关系，并总结了天然多糖降血糖活性的潜在分子机制。此外，还分析和讨论了天然多糖改善糖尿病并发症的潜在机制。本文为进一步研究天然多糖的降血糖机制提供了一些有价值的见解和重要指导。
