Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus, Heilongjiang, 163319, Daqing, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 10;23(1):582. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05023-0.
Patients suffering from schizophrenia are at a higher risk of relapse. The perception of the risk of relapse in patients is critical for relapse prevention. In the field of psychiatry, the study of risk perception of relapse has been neglected.
We carried out a qualitative study using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected at two psychiatric hospitals in China. In total, 22 patients with schizophrenia were recruited through purposive sampling. Face to face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. Interview recordings were transcribed by the research team, and transcripts were analysed by two independent coders with Colaizzi's descriptive analysis framework. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist were used for reporting.
The data of first-episode patients yielded three themes: (i) lack of knowledge about disease recognition and medical treatment; (ii) overoptimistic estimation of the risk of relapse; (iii) perceived importance of treatment. For first-relapse patients : (i) initial awareness of relapse warning signs; (ii) lack of systematic and accurate assessment of disease information; (iii) the perception that drug withdrawal is related to relapse. Patients with multiple relapses: (i) susceptibility to relapse: confusion and powerlessness; (ii) the severity of relapse: suicidal thoughts and behavior; (iii) effects of perceived benefits and barriers of medication behaviour.
In schizophrenic patients with first-episode, first-relapse, and multiple relapses, there were dynamic changes in the perception of disease relapse risk and medication behaviour. Medical workers must improve risk awareness education. They should provide patients with scientific, accurate, and timely communication channels, and dynamically assess and manage the risk of relapse in various patients.
精神分裂症患者复发的风险较高。患者对复发风险的感知对预防复发至关重要。在精神病学领域，对复发风险感知的研究一直被忽视。
我们采用描述性现象学方法进行了定性研究。数据在中国的两家精神病医院收集。通过目的性抽样，共招募了 22 名精神分裂症患者。采用面对面半结构式深入访谈的方式进行。研究团队对访谈录音进行转录，两名独立编码员采用 Colaizzi 的描述性分析框架对转录本进行分析。采用定性研究报告的整合标准报告清单进行报告。
首发患者的数据产生了三个主题：（i）缺乏对疾病识别和治疗的认识；（ii）对复发风险的过度乐观估计；（iii）对治疗的重视。对于首发复发患者：（i）对复发预警信号的初步认识；（ii）缺乏对疾病信息的系统和准确评估；（iii）认为停药与复发有关。多次复发患者：（i）易复发：困惑和无力；（ii）复发的严重程度：自杀念头和行为；（iii）对药物行为的感知益处和障碍的影响。
在首发、首发复发和多次复发的精神分裂症患者中，疾病复发风险和药物行为的感知存在动态变化。医务人员必须提高风险意识教育。他们应该为患者提供科学、准确和及时的沟通渠道，并对各种患者的复发风险进行动态评估和管理。
