Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 25;14:1214289. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1214289. eCollection 2023.
The NLRP3 inflammasome transforms a wide variety of infectious and non-infectious danger signals that activate pro-inflammatory caspases, which promote the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, and pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of cell necrosis. Most published evidence documents the presence and importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils during host defense and sterile forms of inflammation. In contrast, in numerous unbiased data sets, NLRP3 inflammasome-related transcripts are absent in non-immune cells. However, an increasing number of studies report the presence and functionality of the NLRP3 inflammasome in almost every cell type. Here, we take a closer look at the reported cell type-specific expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome components, review the reported inflammasome-dependent and -independent functions, and discuss possible explanations for this discrepancy.
NLRP3 炎性小体将各种感染和非感染性危险信号转化为促炎半胱天冬酶，从而促进 IL-1β 和 IL-18 的分泌以及细胞焦亡，这是一种促炎形式的细胞坏死。大多数已发表的证据表明，NLRP3 炎性小体在宿主防御和无菌性炎症中存在于单核细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞中。相比之下，在大量无偏倚的数据集中，非免疫细胞中不存在 NLRP3 炎性小体相关转录物。然而，越来越多的研究报告称，NLRP3 炎性小体几乎存在于所有细胞类型中，并具有功能。在这里，我们更仔细地研究了 NLRP3 炎性小体成分的报告细胞类型特异性表达，回顾了报告的炎性小体依赖性和非依赖性功能，并讨论了这种差异的可能解释。
