Amberntsson Anna, Bärebring Linnea, Winkvist Anna, Lissner Lauren, Meltzer Helle Margrete, Brantsæter Anne Lise, Papadopoulou Eleni, Augustin Hanna
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jul 26;10:1201171. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1201171. eCollection 2023.
Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy has been suggested to have a role in childhood adiposity development, but results are conflicting. Our aims were to investigate [1] the relationships between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) during pregnancy and the child's body mass index (BMI) and risk of overweight at 5 years of age, and [2] maternal pre-pregnancy BMI as effect modifier for these associations.
Data sources included a subsample from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa sub-cohort; = 2,744) and the Swedish GraviD cohort study ( = 891). Maternal 25OHD was analyzed in gestational week 18 in the MoBa sub-cohort and week 10 in the GraviD cohort. In the MoBa sub-cohort, parents reported their child's documented measures of weight and length or height from the health card at routine check-up. In the GraviD cohort, this information was collected directly from medical records. Childhood overweight (including obesity) was identified using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between maternal 25OHD and child's BMI and risk of overweight at 5 years of age in each cohort separately, and in a pooled dataset.
In the pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD <30 nmol/L was associated with lower BMI in children at 5 years of age, but not with risk of overweight. Interaction analysis showed that the association was predominant among children of mothers with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m.
Low maternal vitamin D status, particularly in mothers with overweight or obesity, predicted lower BMI in their five-year-old children. However, there was no evidence of an effect on overweight in these children.
孕期母亲的维生素D状态被认为在儿童肥胖发展中起作用，但结果相互矛盾。我们的目的是研究[1]孕期母亲25-羟维生素D（25OHD）与儿童体重指数（BMI）以及5岁时超重风险之间的关系，以及[2]母亲孕前BMI作为这些关联的效应修饰因素。
数据来源包括挪威母亲、父亲和儿童队列研究的一个子样本（MoBa子队列；n = 2744）和瑞典GraviD队列研究（n = 891）。在MoBa子队列的妊娠第18周和GraviD队列的第10周对母亲的25OHD进行分析。在MoBa子队列中，父母在常规检查时从健康卡上报告孩子记录的体重和身长或身高测量值。在GraviD队列中，这些信息直接从医疗记录中收集。使用国际肥胖特别工作组的临界值确定儿童超重（包括肥胖）情况。分别在每个队列以及合并数据集中，使用线性和逻辑回归模型研究母亲25OHD与儿童BMI以及5岁时超重风险之间的关联。
在汇总分析中，母亲25OHD<30 nmol/L与5岁儿童较低的BMI相关，但与超重风险无关。交互分析表明，这种关联在孕前BMI≥25 kg/m²的母亲所生儿童中占主导。
母亲维生素D水平低，尤其是超重或肥胖母亲，预示着其5岁孩子的BMI较低。然而，没有证据表明对这些儿童的超重有影响。
