Moore Ude Regina G, Herring R Patti, Ismail Mohamed, Oda Keiji, Bahjri Khaled, Reis Wenes P, Gaio Josileide, Dos Santos Hildemar
Health and Human Ecology, California State University, San Bernardino, USA.
School of Public Heath, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 10;15(7):e41649. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41649. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Introduction As the leading cause of preventable chronic diseases in adults 18 years and older, tobacco usage in the U.S. results in over 20 million premature deaths annually. Current smokers might need extra support on the path to successfully quitting. Aim To evaluate the influence of predictors of smoking-on-smoking cessation in the Freedom From Tobacco Program (FFT) offered by Southern California Permanente Medical Group (SCPMG). Methods This was a quasi-experimental study to evaluate rates of smoking cessation among participants in the FFT program. There were 471 participants in the study. Factors of the Social Ecological Model (SEM) and demographics were examined to determine if they could predict tobacco cessation. The SEM suggests that an individual's behavior is integrated into a network of intrapersonal characteristics, interpersonal processes, institutional factors, community features, and public policy. In particular, the study mainly addressed the institutional factor. It was promoted within a Health Management Organization and the interpersonal process because it was a group intervention. Findings After multiple regression analyses with all predictors from the SEM and demographics, the only significant predictor was the number of previous attempts to quit. Smokers who tried to stop four or more times in the past were 2.6 times (p<0.03) more likely to quit than those who tried fewer times. As we are aware, this was the first time this result was found for programs implemented by Health Management Organizations. The general quit rate at 12 months for the FFT program was 43.1%. Conclusion As the only predictor of quitting in this study was the number of previous attempts to quit smoking, the recommendation is to develop longer-term smoking cessation programs or a longer follow-up to facilitate smokers who relapse to go back and try to quit again. Another recommendation is to identify the main reasons for relapse and try to address these factors in further interventions.
引言
作为18岁及以上成年人可预防慢性病的主要原因，美国的烟草使用每年导致超过2000万人过早死亡。目前的吸烟者在成功戒烟的道路上可能需要额外的支持。
目的
评估南加州永久医疗集团（SCPMG）提供的“摆脱烟草计划”（FFT）中吸烟预测因素对戒烟的影响。
方法
这是一项准实验研究，旨在评估FFT计划参与者的戒烟率。该研究共有471名参与者。研究考察了社会生态模型（SEM）的因素和人口统计学特征，以确定它们是否能够预测戒烟情况。社会生态模型表明，个体行为融入了一个由个人特征、人际过程、制度因素、社区特征和公共政策组成的网络。具体而言，该研究主要关注制度因素，因为它是在健康管理组织内部推广的，同时也关注人际过程，因为这是一种团体干预。
结果
在对SEM和人口统计学的所有预测因素进行多元回归分析后，唯一显著的预测因素是之前尝试戒烟的次数。过去尝试戒烟四次或更多次的吸烟者戒烟的可能性是尝试次数较少者的2.6倍（p<0.03）。如我们所知，这是健康管理组织实施的项目首次出现这一结果。FFT计划12个月时的总体戒烟率为43.1%。
结论
由于本研究中唯一的戒烟预测因素是之前尝试戒烟的次数，建议制定长期戒烟计划或延长随访时间，以帮助复吸的吸烟者重新尝试戒烟。另一个建议是找出复吸的主要原因，并在进一步干预中设法解决这些因素。
