National Center for Health Professions Education Development, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Institute of Economics of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
BMJ Open. 2023 Aug 11;13(8):e070239. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070239.
Approximately 10 years ago, China introduced an education plan to improve the overall quality of medical education and to better serve the population's health needs. Many medical schools were then recognised and financed by China's Ministry of Education to develop and operationalise new pilot programmes (PPs) aligned with this plan. These ran in parallel with the traditional programmes (TPs). One way to achieve the plan's first aim, improving the quality of medical education, is to select academically stronger candidates. We, thus, examined and compared who were selected into PPs and TPs.
Cross-sectional study.
Data were collected from 123 medical schools across China via the 2021 China Medical Student Survey.
Participants were undergraduate clinical medicine students across all year groups.
Medical school selection was via the National College Entrance Examination (NCEE). Medical students' NCEE performance and their sociodemographics were used as the primary and secondary outcome measures. Mann-Whitney or χ tests were used to compare the means between educational programmes (PPs vs TPs) and various selection outcomes. Multilevel mixed-effects regressions were employed to account for school idiosyncratic selection results.
Of the 204 817 respondents, 194 163 (94.8%) were in a TP and 10 654 (5.2%) a PP. PP respondents (median=75.2, IQR=69.5-78.8) had significantly higher NCEE scores than their TP counterparts (median=73.9, IQR=68.5-78.7). Holding constant their NCEE score, PP respondents were significantly more likely to come from urban areas, not be first-generation college students, and have parents with higher occupational status and income.
Assuming quality can be indicated by prior academic achievement at the point of selection, PPs achieved this mission. However, doing so limited medical students' diversity. This may be unhelpful in achieving the Education Plan's goal to better serve China's health needs.
大约 10 年前，中国推出了一项教育计划，以提高医学教育的整体质量，更好地满足人民的健康需求。随后，许多医学院校得到了中国教育部的认可和资助，以制定和实施与该计划一致的新试点项目 (PP)。这些项目与传统项目 (TP) 并行。实现该计划第一个目标，即提高医学教育质量的一种方法是选拔学术能力更强的候选人。因此，我们考察并比较了哪些人被选入了 PP 和 TP。
横断面研究。
通过 2021 年中国医学生调查，从中国 123 所医学院校收集数据。
参与者为各年级临床医学专业本科生。
医学院校的选拔是通过全国高考 (NCEE) 进行的。医学生的 NCEE 成绩及其社会人口统计学数据被用作主要和次要结果测量指标。采用 Mann-Whitney 或 χ 检验比较教育项目 (PP 与 TP) 和各种选拔结果之间的均值。采用多水平混合效应回归来解释学校特有的选拔结果。
在 204817 名受访者中，194163 名(94.8%)在 TP 中，10654 名(5.2%)在 PP 中。PP 受访者（中位数=75.2，IQR=69.5-78.8）的 NCEE 得分明显高于 TP 受访者（中位数=73.9，IQR=68.5-78.7）。在保持 NCEE 分数不变的情况下，PP 受访者更有可能来自城市地区，不是第一代大学生，其父母的职业地位和收入更高。
假设质量可以通过选拔时的先前学业成绩来表示，那么 PP 就达到了这一目标。然而，这样做限制了医学生的多样性。这可能无助于实现教育计划更好地服务中国健康需求的目标。
