Shiraishi Tomohiro, Hirata Ryuichi, Hayashi Masato, Hirano Takashi
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
School of Engineering, Nippon Bunri University, Oita, 870-0397, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 11;13(1):13067. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40333-z.
Borneo has accumulated an abundance of woody carbon in its forests and peat. However, agricultural land conversion accompanied by plantation development, dead wood burning, and peat drying from drainage are major challenges to climate change mitigation. This study aimed to develop a method of estimating carbon dioxide (CO) emissions from land use change, forest and peat fires, and oxidative peat decomposition, and CO uptake from biomass growth across Borneo using remote sensing data from 2001 to 2016. Although CO uptake by biomass growth in vast forests has shown a significant increasing trend, an annual net release of 461.10 ± 436.51 (average ± 1 standard deviation) Tg CO year was observed. The estimated emissions were predominantly characterized by land use changes from 2001 to 2003, with the highest emissions in 2001. Land use change was evaluated from annual land use maps with an accuracy of 92.0 ± 1.0% (average ± 1 standard deviation). Forest and peat fires contributed higher emissions in 2002, 2006, 2009, 2014, and 2015 compared to other years and were strongly correlated with the Southern Oscillation Indexes. These results suggest that more CO may have been released into the atmosphere than previously thought.
婆罗洲在其森林和泥炭中积累了大量的木质碳。然而，伴随种植园发展的农业用地转换、枯木燃烧以及排水导致的泥炭干燥，是减缓气候变化的主要挑战。本研究旨在利用2001年至2016年的遥感数据，开发一种估算婆罗洲土地利用变化、森林和泥炭火灾以及氧化泥炭分解产生的二氧化碳（CO）排放量，以及生物质生长吸收的CO量的方法。尽管广阔森林中生物质生长吸收的CO呈现出显著的上升趋势，但仍观察到每年有461.10±436.51（平均值±1标准差）Tg CO的净释放量。估算的排放量主要由2001年至2003年的土地利用变化所决定，2001年排放量最高。根据年度土地利用图评估土地利用变化，其精度为92.0±1.0%（平均值±1标准差）。与其他年份相比，2002年、2006年、2009年、2014年和2015年森林和泥炭火灾排放的CO更多，且与南方涛动指数密切相关。这些结果表明，释放到大气中的CO可能比之前认为的更多。
