Department of Quantitative Economics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Department of Sociology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jul 31;20(15):6477. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20156477.
To know to what extent home confinement resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the results of the Medical Intern Resident Program (MIR) exam and whether or not a gender gap has occurred as a consequence.
Econometric modeling of the final result obtained in the MIR exam and identification of the explanatory factors that determine it and its relevance, effect and meaning.
From the results obtained in the MIR test of the 2019, 2020 and 2021 calls, it can be seen that examinations and academic records together with demographic and calendar factors are determinants to explain the observed behavior of the final result. In relation to the gender factor, the existence of a differential fixed effect in favor of women is shown, although the interaction with the exam shows the opposite result. The nationality variable allows us to visualize a scenario of academic homogeneity. The effect of the calendar directly linked to the COVID-19 pandemic makes it possible to quantify the negative impact exerted on the final result.
(1) The work reflects the impact of factors such as sex, nationality or the COVID-19 pandemic on access to specialized health training in Spain. (2) In contrast to previous studies, we found a significant difference in behavior between men and women, favorably linked to the female sex. However, the so-called sprint effect associated with the male sex was detected. (3) The negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the final score are visualized. The existing differential with respect to the control category is quantified and the dominance of the hierarchical position of the temporal component within the set of explanatory factors is visualized.
了解 COVID-19 大流行期间的居家隔离对医学住院医师培训计划（MIR）考试结果的影响程度，以及是否因此产生了性别差距。
对 MIR 考试的最终成绩进行计量经济学建模，并确定决定其成绩的解释因素及其相关性、效果和意义。
从 2019 年、2020 年和 2021 年的 MIR 考试结果中可以看出，考试和学术记录以及人口统计学和日历因素是解释最终成绩的观察行为的决定因素。关于性别因素，尽管与考试的相互作用显示出相反的结果，但表明存在有利于女性的差异固定效应。国籍变量使我们能够看到学术同质性的情景。与 COVID-19 大流行直接相关的日历效应使我们能够量化对最终结果的负面影响。
（1）该工作反映了性别、国籍或 COVID-19 大流行等因素对在西班牙接受专业医疗培训的影响。（2）与之前的研究相比，我们发现男性和女性的行为存在显著差异，与女性性别有利相关。然而，检测到与男性性别相关的所谓冲刺效应。（3）可视化 COVID-19 大流行对最终分数的负面影响。量化与对照类别相比的差异，并可视化时间成分在解释因素集中的层次位置的主导地位。
