Hromadová Zuzana, Gálová Zdenka, Mikolášová Lucia, Balážová Želmíra, Vivodík Martin, Chňapek Milan
Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 25;12(15):2763. doi: 10.3390/plants12152763.
Knowledge about the genetic diversity of the available common bean germplasm can help breeders properly direct the choice of genetic material in the breeding process. The aim of the present work was to estimate the usefulness of 10 RAPD and 10 SCoT markers in genetic diversity detection among 33 common bean genotypes. Both molecular marker systems were able to generate high levels of polymorphism in the genetic material, which was supported by the relatively high polymorphic information content (PIC) values observed for the used markers. The Diversity Detection Index (DDI) and Marker Index (MI) were used to compare the effectiveness of RAPD and SCoT markers. For both techniques, high values of MI and DDI were calculated, representing their effectivity. The SCoT markers showed higher values of the parameters used (MI = 7.474, DI = 2.265) than the RAPD markers (MI = 5.323, DDI = 1.612), indicating their higher efficiency in the detection of molecular variability. Three constructed dendrograms and PCoA plots were created using RAPD and SCoT, and both methods combined confirmed sufficient separation of the bean genotypes from each other. At the same time, a higher efficiency of SCoT markers compared to RAPD markers in the detection of the genetic diversity of beans was also proven. The results may be of future interest in the choice of genetically distant material for breeding purposes.
了解现有普通菜豆种质的遗传多样性有助于育种者在育种过程中正确指导遗传材料的选择。本研究的目的是评估10个随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记和10个目标起始密码子多态性（SCoT）标记在检测33个普通菜豆基因型遗传多样性中的有效性。两种分子标记系统都能够在遗传材料中产生高水平的多态性，这得到了所用标记相对较高的多态性信息含量（PIC）值的支持。利用多样性检测指数（DDI）和标记指数（MI）来比较RAPD和SCoT标记的有效性。对于这两种技术，都计算出了较高的MI和DDI值，表明它们的有效性。SCoT标记显示出比RAPD标记更高的所用参数值（MI = 7.474，DI = 2.265；RAPD标记：MI = 5.323，DDI = 1.612），表明其在检测分子变异性方面具有更高的效率。使用RAPD和SCoT构建了三个聚类图和主坐标分析（PCoA）图，两种方法相结合证实了菜豆基因型之间有足够的区分。同时，也证明了SCoT标记在检测菜豆遗传多样性方面比RAPD标记具有更高的效率。这些结果可能对未来选择遗传距离较远的材料用于育种目的具有参考价值。
