Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
J Res Health Sci. 2022 Dec;22(4):e00564. doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.99.
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the most critical factors that endanger human health. More specifically, head and neck injuries are the main causes of deaths and disabilities among motorcyclists. This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of helmet use behavior among motorcyclists based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).
This study followed the cross-sectional design.
This study was conducted on randomly selected 730 motorcyclist employees in Qom, Iran, in 2021. The data collection tool was a self-administered researcher-made questionnaire, including items on demographic characteristics, history of RTIs, and constructs of TPB. Data were analyzed using descriptive summary statistics, analysis of variance, independent samples test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling (SEM).
In this study, only 9.8% of the participants reported that they always used a helmet while riding a motorcycle. About 60% reported a history of a motorcycle crash, and 11.5% had a history of head injuries. The direct effect of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to use a helmet were statistically significant, explaining 59% of the variation in behavioral intention (intention to use a helmet) (R=0.59). Moreover, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention had significant effects on helmet use behavior (R=0.26).
The prevalence of helmet use among the studied population was very low. Moreover, TPB was useful in identifying the determinants of behavior and especially behavioral intention of helmet use among motorcyclists.
道路交通伤害（RTIs）是危害人类健康的最关键因素之一。具体而言，头部和颈部伤害是导致摩托车手死亡和残疾的主要原因。本研究旨在基于计划行为理论（TPB）调查摩托车手戴头盔行为的预测因素。
本研究采用横断面设计。
本研究于 2021 年在伊朗库姆随机选取了 730 名摩托车手员工进行。数据收集工具是一份由研究人员制作的自我管理问卷，其中包括人口统计学特征、RTI 史和 TPB 结构的项目。使用描述性汇总统计、方差分析、独立样本 t 检验、皮尔逊相关系数和结构方程建模（SEM）分析数据。
在这项研究中，只有 9.8%的参与者报告说他们在骑摩托车时总是戴头盔。约 60%的人报告说有过摩托车事故史，11.5%的人有过头部受伤史。态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对戴头盔意图的直接影响具有统计学意义，解释了行为意图（戴头盔的意图）变化的 59%（R=0.59）。此外，感知行为控制和行为意图对头盔使用行为有显著影响（R=0.26）。
在所研究人群中，头盔使用率非常低。此外，TPB 可用于确定摩托车手戴头盔行为的决定因素，特别是行为意图。
