Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam U.M.C., VU. University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2023 Oct;73:101-113. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.001. Epub 2023 Aug 6.
There is a complex interaction between pro-tumoural and anti-tumoural networks in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Throughout tumourigenesis, communication between malignant cells and various cells of the TME contributes to metabolic reprogramming. Tumour Dysregulation of metabolic pathways offer an evolutional advantage in the TME and enhance the tumour progression, invasiveness, and metastasis. Therefore, understanding these interactions within the TME is crucial for the development of innovative cancer treatments. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as carriers of various materials that include microRNAs, proteins, and lipids that play a vital role in the communication between tumour cells and non-tumour cells. EVs are actively involved in the metabolic reprogramming process. This review summarized recent findings regarding the involvement of EVs in the metabolic reprogramming of various cells in the TME of gastrointestinal cancers. Additionally, we highlight identified microRNAs involved in the reprogramming process in this group of cancers and explained the abnormal tumour metabolism targeted by exosomal cargos as well as the novel potential therapeutic approaches.
在肿瘤微环境（TME）中，存在着促肿瘤和抗肿瘤网络之间的复杂相互作用。在肿瘤发生过程中，恶性细胞与 TME 中的各种细胞之间的通信导致代谢重编程。肿瘤对代谢途径的失调为 TME 中的肿瘤进展、侵袭和转移提供了进化优势。因此，了解 TME 中的这些相互作用对于开发创新的癌症治疗方法至关重要。细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为各种物质的载体，包括 microRNAs、蛋白质和脂质，在肿瘤细胞与非肿瘤细胞之间的通信中发挥着重要作用。EVs 积极参与代谢重编程过程。本综述总结了最近关于 EVs 参与胃肠道癌 TME 中各种细胞代谢重编程的发现。此外，我们还强调了在这组癌症中涉及的已鉴定的 microRNAs 以及解释了外泌体载体靶向的异常肿瘤代谢和新的潜在治疗方法。
