Nanopolymeric Drug Delivery Lab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sila Katamur, Changsari, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2023 Oct;1867(10):130443. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130443. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of liver cancer; accounts for 75-85% of cases. The treatment and management of HCC involve different sanative options like surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, etc. Recently, various advancements have been introduced for the diagnosis and targeting of hepatic tumor cells. Among these, biomarkers are considered the primary source for the diagnosis and differentiation of tumor cells. With the advancement in the field of nanotechnology, different types of nanocarriers have been witnessed in tumor targeting. Nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric micelles, nanofibers, etc. are readily prepared for effective tumor targeting with minimal side-effects. The emergence of various approaches tends to improve the effectiveness of these nanocarriers as demonstrated in ample clinical trials. This review focuses on the significant role of carbohydrates such as mannose, galactose, fructose, etc. in the development, diagnosis, and therapy of HCC. Hence, the current focus of this review is to acknowledge various perspectives regarding the occurrence, diagnosis, treatment, and management of HCC.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是最常见的肝癌类型之一；占病例的 75-85%。HCC 的治疗和管理涉及手术、化疗、免疫疗法等不同的治疗方案。最近，为了诊断和靶向肝肿瘤细胞，已经引入了各种进展。在这些方法中，生物标志物被认为是诊断和区分肿瘤细胞的主要来源。随着纳米技术领域的进步，已经见证了用于肿瘤靶向的不同类型的纳米载体。纳米载体，如纳米颗粒、脂质体、聚合物胶束、纳米纤维等，很容易被制备用于有效靶向肿瘤，副作用最小。各种方法的出现倾向于提高这些纳米载体的有效性，这在大量临床试验中得到了证明。这篇综述重点介绍了甘露糖、半乳糖、果糖等碳水化合物在 HCC 的开发、诊断和治疗中的重要作用。因此，本综述的当前重点是承认关于 HCC 的发生、诊断、治疗和管理的各种观点。
