Pennington B F, McCabe L L, Smith S D, Lefly D L, Bookman M O, Kimberling W J, Lubs H A
Child Dev. 1986 Aug;57(4):1001-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1986.tb00261.x.
We compared the spelling errors on the WRAT II made by adults (N = 24) with an apparent autosomal dominant form of dyslexia to those made by their normal adult relatives (N = 17) and by spelling-age matched normal controls (N = 17) using a computerized error evaluation program (SEEP). The normal adult relatives were significantly better than the dyslexics in both reading and spelling, but did not differ in age, education, or IQ. SEEP evaluated each error independently for both phonological and orthographic accuracy at 2 levels of complexity. Each level of complexity was analyzed separately using a 3 X 2 (group X dimension) analysis of variance. The main finding of interest was a significant group X dimension interaction effect at the complex level, which indicated that the dyslexics had a qualitatively different profile across the 2 dimensions than either normal group who had parallel profiles. The dyslexics performed like the younger normal group on the complex phonological dimension but like the adult normal group on the complex orthographic dimension. These results indicate a dissociation in this form of familial dyslexia between these 2 dimensions of spelling development, and suggest that these dyslexics may fit the subtype of dysphonetic or phonological dyslexia. The implications of these results for the underlying cognitive deficit in this form of dyslexia are discussed.
我们使用计算机化错误评估程序（SEEP），比较了患有明显常染色体显性形式诵读困难的成年人（N = 24）在WRAT II上的拼写错误与他们的正常成年亲属（N = 17）以及拼写年龄匹配的正常对照组（N = 17）的拼写错误。正常成年亲属在阅读和拼写方面明显优于诵读困难者，但在年龄、教育程度或智商方面没有差异。SEEP在两个复杂程度水平上分别评估每个错误的语音和正字法准确性。每个复杂程度水平分别使用3×2（组×维度）方差分析进行分析。主要的有趣发现是在复杂水平上存在显著的组×维度交互效应，这表明诵读困难者在这两个维度上的表现与两个正常组的平行表现相比在质量上有所不同。诵读困难者在复杂语音维度上的表现与较年轻的正常组相似，但在复杂正字法维度上的表现与成年正常组相似。这些结果表明在这种家族性诵读困难形式中，拼写发展的这两个维度之间存在分离，并表明这些诵读困难者可能符合语音性或语音诵读困难的亚型。本文讨论了这些结果对这种诵读困难形式潜在认知缺陷的影响。
